MCQs on on Soil erosion and its types – World Geography
Q1. What is the primary cause of soil erosion?
a) Earthquakes
b) Volcanic activity
c) Wind and water action
d) Glacial erosion
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Correct Answer: c) Wind and water action
Explanation: Soil erosion primarily occurs due to the action of wind and water, which dislodges and transports soil particles from one location to another.
Q2. Which of the following is a type of soil erosion caused by water?
a) Splash erosion
b) Wind erosion
c) Mass movement
d) Tunnel erosion
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Correct Answer: a) Splash erosion
Explanation: Splash erosion is caused by the impact of raindrops on the soil surface, which dislodges soil particles and can lead to further erosion.
Q3. What is sheet erosion?
a) Erosion caused by the uniform removal of soil in thin layers
b) Erosion caused by concentrated water flow in small channels
c) Erosion caused by the collapse of soil tunnels
d) Erosion caused by the movement of soil particles by wind
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Correct Answer: a) Erosion caused by the uniform removal of soil in thin layers
Explanation: Sheet erosion is the uniform removal of soil in thin layers by the action of water runoff over the soil surface.
Q4. Which of the following is a type of soil erosion caused by wind?
a) Gully erosion
b) Rill erosion
c) Floodplain erosion
d) Scalding
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Correct Answer: d) Scalding
Explanation: Scalding occurs when wind and water erosion remove the topsoil and expose saline or sodic soils, which can be further eroded by wind and water action.
Q5. What is rill erosion?
a) Erosion caused by the uniform removal of soil in thin layers
b) Erosion caused by concentrated water flow in small channels
c) Erosion caused by the collapse of soil tunnels
d) Erosion caused by the movement of soil particles by wind
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Correct Answer: b) Erosion caused by concentrated water flow in small channels
Explanation: Rill erosion occurs when water runoff concentrates and flows in small channels, eroding the soil and creating small, shallow channels.
Q6. Which of the following is a type of soil erosion caused by the collapse of soil tunnels?
a) Gully erosion
b) Rill erosion
c) Floodplain erosion
d) Tunnel erosion
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Correct Answer: d) Tunnel erosion
Explanation: Tunnel erosion is caused by the collapse of soil tunnels, which are formed by the subsurface flow of water through soil.
Q7. What is gully erosion?
a) Erosion caused by the uniform removal of soil in thin layers
b) Erosion caused by concentrated water flow in small channels
c) Erosion caused by the collapse of soil tunnels
d) Erosion caused by the movement of soil particles by wind
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Correct Answer: b) Erosion caused by concentrated water flow in small channels
Explanation: Gully erosion occurs when water runoff concentrates and flows strongly enough to create deep channels in the soil.
Q8. Which of the following is a type of soil erosion caused by the movement of soil particles by wind?
a) Gully erosion
b) Rill erosion
c) Floodplain erosion
d) Wind erosion
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Correct Answer: d) Wind erosion
Explanation: Wind erosion occurs when wind moves soil particles from one location to another, often causing the loss of fertile topsoil.
Q9. What is floodplain erosion?
a) Erosion caused by the uniform removal of soil in thin layers
b) Erosion caused by concentrated water flow in small channels
c) Erosion caused by the collapse of soil tunnels
d) Erosion caused by the movement of soil particles by wind
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Correct Answer: b) Erosion caused by concentrated water flow in small channels
Explanation: Floodplain erosion occurs when water flows over floodplains, eroding the soil and depositing sediment downstream.
Q10. Which of the following is a type of soil erosion caused by the movement of large volumes of soil?
a) Gully erosion
b) Rill erosion
c) Mass movement
d) Tunnel erosion
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Correct Answer: c) Mass movement
Explanation: Mass movement is a type of soil erosion that involves the movement of large volumes of soil, often due to gravity and the saturation of soil with water.
Q11. What is stream bank erosion?
a) Erosion caused by the uniform removal of soil in thin layers
b) Erosion caused by concentrated water flow in small channels
c) Erosion caused by the collapse of soil tunnels
d) Erosion caused by the movement of soil particles by wind
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Correct Answer: b) Erosion caused by concentrated water flow in small channels
Explanation: Stream bank erosion occurs when water flows along stream banks, eroding the soil and causing the banks to collapse or retreat.
Q12. Which of the following factors can accelerate soil erosion?
a) Vegetation cover
b) Soil compaction
c) Soil texture
d) All of the above
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Correct Answer: d) All of the above
Explanation: Factors such as vegetation cover, soil compaction, and soil texture can all influence the rate of soil erosion, either by protecting the soil or making it more susceptible to erosion.
Q13. What is the primary cause of soil erosion in agricultural lands?
a) Earthquakes
b) Volcanic activity
c) Wind and water action
d) Glacial erosion
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Correct Answer: c) Wind and water action
Explanation: Soil erosion in agricultural lands primarily occurs due to the action of wind and water, which dislodges and transports soil particles from one location to another.
Q14. Which of the following practices can help reduce soil erosion in agricultural lands?
a) Tilling the soil
b) Removing vegetation cover
c) Planting cover crops
d) Overgrazing
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Correct Answer: c) Planting cover crops
Explanation: Planting cover crops can help reduce soil erosion by providing ground cover and binding the soil, preventing it from being eroded by wind and water.
Q15. How does vegetation help prevent soil erosion?
a) By increasing soil compaction
b) By providing ground cover and binding the soil
c) By increasing soil salinity
d) By reducing soil fertility
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Correct Answer: b) By providing ground cover and binding the soil
Explanation: Vegetation helps prevent soil erosion by providing ground cover and binding the soil, making it more resistant to the erosive forces of wind and water.
Q16. Which of the following soil types is most susceptible to erosion?
a) Clay
b) Silt
c) Sand
d) Loam
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Correct Answer: c) Sand
Explanation: Sandy soils are more susceptible to erosion due to their loose, dry, and finely granulated texture, which makes them more prone to being dislodged and transported by wind and water.
Q17. How does soil compaction contribute to soil erosion?
a) By increasing soil permeability
b) By reducing soil infiltration
c) By increasing soil fertility
d) By reducing soil salinity
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Correct Answer: b) By reducing soil infiltration
Explanation: Soil compaction contributes to soil erosion by reducing soil infiltration, which can lead to increased surface runoff and erosion. Compacted soils have less pore space for water to infiltrate, causing water to flow over the surface and potentially dislodge and transport soil particles.
Q18. Which of the following is a soil conservation practice that can help reduce soil erosion?
a) Contour farming
b) Overgrazing
c) Monoculture
d) Deforestation
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Correct Answer: a) Contour farming
Explanation: Contour farming is a soil conservation practice that involves planting crops along the natural contours of the land, which can help reduce soil erosion by slowing down water runoff and promoting infiltration.
Q19. How do terraces help prevent soil erosion?
a) By increasing soil compaction
b) By providing ground cover and binding the soil
c) By reducing the slope and slowing down water runoff
d) By increasing soil fertility
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Correct Answer: c) By reducing the slope and slowing down water runoff
Explanation: Terraces help prevent soil erosion by reducing the slope of the land, which slows down water runoff and allows for greater infiltration, reducing the erosive force of water on the soil.
Q20. Which of the following is a consequence of soil erosion?
a) Increased soil fertility
b) Improved soil structure
c) Loss of topsoil and nutrients
d) Increased soil infiltration
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Correct Answer: c) Loss of topsoil and nutrients
Explanation: Soil erosion can lead to the loss of topsoil and nutrients, which are essential for plant growth and agricultural productivity. This can result in reduced crop yields and degraded land quality.