MCQs on Rocks and their Types – Geography
Q1. Which of the following is an example of an igneous rock?
a. Granite
b. Sandstone
c. Slate
d. Marble
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Correct Answer: a. Granite
Explanation: Granite is an igneous rock formed from the cooling and solidification of magma or lava.
Q2. Which of the following is an example of a sedimentary rock?
a. Granite
b. Sandstone
c. Slate
d. Marble
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Correct Answer: b. Sandstone
Explanation: Sandstone is a sedimentary rock formed from the accumulation and cementation of mineral and organic particles.
Q3. Which of the following is an example of a metamorphic rock?
a. Granite
b. Sandstone
c. Slate
d. Marble
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Correct Answer: c. Slate
Explanation: Slate is a metamorphic rock formed from the alteration of shale or mudstone under heat and pressure.
Q4. Which type of rock is formed from the cooling and solidification of magma or lava?
a. Igneous
b. Sedimentary
c. Metamorphic
d. None of the above
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Correct Answer: a. Igneous
Explanation: Igneous rocks are formed from the cooling and solidification of magma or lava.
Q5. Which type of rock is formed from the accumulation and cementation of mineral and organic particles?
a. Igneous
b. Sedimentary
c. Metamorphic
d. None of the above
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Correct Answer: b. Sedimentary
Explanation: Sedimentary rocks are formed from the accumulation and cementation of mineral and organic particles.
Q6. Which type of rock is formed from the alteration of existing rocks under heat and pressure?
a. Igneous
b. Sedimentary
c. Metamorphic
d. None of the above
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Correct Answer: c. Metamorphic
Explanation: Metamorphic rocks are formed from the alteration of existing rocks under heat and pressure.
Q7. Which of the following rocks is formed from the solidification of molten material?
a. Basalt
b. Limestone
c. Gneiss
d. Shale
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Correct Answer: a. Basalt
Explanation: Basalt is an igneous rock formed from the solidification of molten material.
Q8. Which of the following rocks is formed from the accumulation of shell fragments?
a. Basalt
b. Limestone
c. Gneiss
d. Shale
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Correct Answer: b. Limestone
Explanation: Limestone is a sedimentary rock formed from the accumulation of shell fragments and other organic material.
Q9. Which of the following rocks is formed from the alteration of limestone under heat and pressure?
a. Basalt
b. Limestone
c. Marble
d. Shale
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Correct Answer: c. Marble
Explanation: Marble is a metamorphic rock formed from the alteration of limestone under heat and pressure.
Q10. Which of the following rocks is formed from the accumulation of clay and silt particles?
a. Basalt
b. Limestone
c. Gneiss
d. Shale
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Correct Answer: d. Shale
Explanation: Shale is a sedimentary rock formed from the accumulation of clay and silt particles.
Q11. Which of the following is a characteristic of igneous rocks?
a. Layered structure
b. Fossils
c. Crystalline texture
d. Foliation
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Correct Answer: c. Crystalline texture
Explanation: Igneous rocks have a crystalline texture due to the interlocking of mineral crystals formed during the cooling and solidification of magma or lava.
Q12. Which of the following is a characteristic of sedimentary rocks?
a. Layered structure
b. Fossils
c. Crystalline texture
d. Foliation
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Correct Answer: a. Layered structure
Explanation: Sedimentary rocks have a layered structure due to the accumulation and cementation of mineral and organic particles.
Q13. Which of the following is a characteristic of metamorphic rocks?
a. Layered structure
b. Fossils
c. Crystalline texture
d. Foliation
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Correct Answer: d. Foliation
Explanation: Metamorphic rocks have a foliation, which is a planar arrangement of minerals caused by the alignment of minerals under heat and pressure.
Q14. Which of the following rocks is formed from the solidification of lava on the Earth’s surface?
a. Intrusive igneous rock
b. Extrusive igneous rock
c. Sedimentary rock
d. Metamorphic rock
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Correct Answer: b. Extrusive igneous rock
Explanation: Extrusive igneous rocks are formed from the solidification of lava on the Earth’s surface.
Q15. Which of the following rocks is formed from the solidification of magma beneath the Earth’s surface?
a. Intrusive igneous rock
b. Extrusive igneous rock
c. Sedimentary rock
d. Metamorphic rock
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Correct Answer: a. Intrusive igneous rock
Explanation: Intrusive igneous rocks are formed from the solidification of magma beneath the Earth’s surface.
Q16. Which of the following rocks is formed from the compaction and cementation of sand particles?
a. Granite
b. Sandstone
c. Slate
d. Marble
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Correct Answer: b. Sandstone
Explanation: Sandstone is a sedimentary rock formed from the compaction and cementation of sand particles.
Q17. Which of the following rocks is formed from the alteration of sandstone under heat and pressure?
a. Granite
b. Sandstone
c. Quartzite
d. Marble
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Correct Answer: c. Quartzite
Explanation: Quartzite is a metamorphic rock formed from the alteration of sandstone under heat and pressure.
Q18. Which of the following rocks is formed from the accumulation of plant material?
a. Basalt
b. Limestone
c. Gneiss
d. Coal
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Correct Answer: d. Coal
Explanation: Coal is a sedimentary rock formed from the accumulation of plant material.
Q19. Which of the following rocks is formed from the alteration of basalt under heat and pressure?
a. Granite
b. Sandstone
c. Gneiss
d. Schist
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Correct Answer: c. Gneiss
Explanation: Gneiss is a metamorphic rock formed from the alteration of basalt under heat and pressure.
Q20. Which of the following rocks is formed from the accumulation of mud and clay particles?
a. Basalt
b. Limestone
c. Gneiss
d. Shale
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Correct Answer: d. Shale
Explanation: Shale is a sedimentary rock formed from the accumulation of mud and clay particles.