MCQs on the Unification of Italy – Modern World History
Q1. Who was the leading architect of the Italian unification?
a) Giuseppe Mazzini
b) Giuseppe Garibaldi
c) Camillo di Cavour
d) Victor Emmanuel II
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Correct Answer: c) Camillo di Cavour
Explanation: Camillo di Cavour, the Prime Minister of the Kingdom of Piedmont-Sardinia, was the leading architect of the Italian unification.
Q2. Which movement aimed to unify Italy under a single, democratic republic?
a) Carbonari
b) Young Italy
c) Redshirts
d) Risorgimento
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Correct Answer: b) Young Italy
Explanation: Young Italy, founded by Giuseppe Mazzini, aimed to unify Italy under a single, democratic republic.
Q3. Which military leader played a crucial role in the unification of Italy by leading the Expedition of the Thousand?
a) Giuseppe Mazzini
b) Giuseppe Garibaldi
c) Camillo di Cavour
d) Victor Emmanuel II
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Correct Answer: b) Giuseppe Garibaldi
Explanation: Giuseppe Garibaldi played a crucial role in the unification of Italy by leading the Expedition of the Thousand, a volunteer force that conquered the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies.
Q4. Which kingdom played a central role in the unification of Italy?
a) Kingdom of Piedmont-Sardinia
b) Kingdom of the Two Sicilies
c) Papal States
d) Kingdom of Lombardy-Venetia
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Correct Answer: a) Kingdom of Piedmont-Sardinia
Explanation: The Kingdom of Piedmont-Sardinia, under the leadership of Camillo di Cavour and King Victor Emmanuel II, played a central role in the unification of Italy.
Q5. Which European power controlled the Kingdom of Lombardy-Venetia before the unification of Italy?
a) France
b) Austria
c) Spain
d) Prussia
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Correct Answer: b) Austria
Explanation: The Kingdom of Lombardy-Venetia was controlled by the Austrian Empire before the unification of Italy.
Q6. Which event marked the beginning of the unification of Italy?
a) The Expedition of the Thousand
b) The Revolutions of 1848
c) The Congress of Vienna
d) The Second Italian War of Independence
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Correct Answer: d) The Second Italian War of Independence
Explanation: The Second Italian War of Independence, fought in 1859 between the Kingdom of Piedmont-Sardinia and the Austrian Empire, marked the beginning of the unification of Italy.
Q7. Which treaty, signed in 1859, resulted in the annexation of Lombardy to the Kingdom of Piedmont-Sardinia?
a) Treaty of Paris
b) Treaty of Zurich
c) Treaty of Villafranca
d) Treaty of Turin
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Correct Answer: c) Treaty of Villafranca
Explanation: The Treaty of Villafranca, signed in 1859, resulted in the annexation of Lombardy to the Kingdom of Piedmont-Sardinia.
Q8. Which agreement, signed in 1860, led to the annexation of the central Italian states to the Kingdom of Piedmont-Sardinia?
a) Treaty of Paris
b) Treaty of Zurich
c) Treaty of Villafranca
d) Treaty of Turin
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Correct Answer: d) Treaty of Turin
Explanation: The Treaty of Turin, signed in 1860, led to the annexation of the central Italian states to the Kingdom of Piedmont-Sardinia.
Q9. Which event marked the completion of the unification of Italy?
a) The capture of Rome
b) The Expedition of the Thousand
c) The Congress of Vienna
d) The Second Italian War of Independence
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Correct Answer: a) The capture of Rome
Explanation: The capture of Rome in 1870 marked the completion of the unification of Italy, with Rome becoming the capital of the newly unified Kingdom of Italy.
Q10. Who became the first king of the unified Kingdom of Italy?
a) Giuseppe Mazzini
b) Giuseppe Garibaldi
c) Camillo di Cavour
d) Victor Emmanuel II
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Correct Answer: d) Victor Emmanuel II
Explanation: Victor Emmanuel II, the king of the Kingdom of Piedmont-Sardinia, became the first king of the unified Kingdom of Italy.
Q11. Which Italian state was the last to join the unified Kingdom of Italy?
a) Kingdom of the Two Sicilies
b) Papal States
c) Kingdom of Lombardy-Venetia
d) Grand Duchy of Tuscany
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Correct Answer: b) Papal States
Explanation: The Papal States, including Rome, were the last to join the unified Kingdom of Italy in 1870.
Q12. Which European power supported the Kingdom of Piedmont-Sardinia in the Second Italian War of Independence?
a) France
b) Austria
c) Spain
d) Prussia
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Correct Answer: a) France
Explanation: France, under the leadership of Emperor Napoleon III, supported the Kingdom of Piedmont-Sardinia in the Second Italian War of Independence.
Q13. Which secret society played a role in the early stages of the Italian unification movement?
a) Carbonari
b) Freemasons
c) Illuminati
d) Rosicrucians
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Correct Answer: a) Carbonari
Explanation: The Carbonari, a secret society founded in the early 19th century, played a role in the early stages of the Italian unification movement.
Q14. Which Italian revolutionary founded the Young Italy movement?
a) Giuseppe Mazzini
b) Giuseppe Garibaldi
c) Camillo di Cavour
d) Victor Emmanuel II
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Correct Answer: a) Giuseppe Mazzini
Explanation: Giuseppe Mazzini, an Italian revolutionary, founded the Young Italy movement in 1831.
Q15. What was the main goal of the Young Italy movement?
a) To establish a constitutional monarchy in Italy
b) To unify Italy under a single, democratic republic
c) To establish a socialist state in Italy
d) To restore the Holy Roman Empire
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Correct Answer: b) To unify Italy under a single, democratic republic
Explanation: The main goal of the Young Italy movement was to unify Italy under a single, democratic republic.
Q16. Which Italian revolutionary led the Redshirts during the Expedition of the Thousand?
a) Giuseppe Mazzini
b) Giuseppe Garibaldi
c) Camillo di Cavour
d) Victor Emmanuel II
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Correct Answer: b) Giuseppe Garibaldi
Explanation: Giuseppe Garibaldi led the Redshirts during the Expedition of the Thousand, a volunteer force that played a crucial role in the unification of Italy.
Q17. What was the name of the volunteer force led by Giuseppe Garibaldi during the unification of Italy?
a) Carbonari
b) Young Italy
c) Redshirts
d) Risorgimento
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Correct Answer: c) Redshirts
Explanation: The Redshirts were a volunteer force led by Giuseppe Garibaldi during the unification of Italy, playing a crucial role in the conquest of the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies.
Q18. Which European power supported the Papal States against the unification of Italy?
a) France
b) Austria
c) Spain
d) Prussia
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Correct Answer: a) France
Explanation: France supported the Papal States against the unification of Italy, as they had a vested interest in maintaining the Pope’s temporal power.
Q19. What was the main goal of the Risorgimento movement?
a) To establish a constitutional monarchy in Italy
b) To unify Italy under a single, democratic republic
c) To establish a socialist state in Italy
d) To restore the Holy Roman Empire
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Correct Answer: b) To unify Italy under a single, democratic republic
Explanation: The main goal of the Risorgimento movement was to unify Italy under a single, democratic republic.
Q20. Which of the following figures is considered one of the “fathers of the fatherland” of Italy, along with Camillo di Cavour, Victor Emmanuel II, and Giuseppe Mazzini?
a) Giuseppe Garibaldi
b) Napoleon III
c) Otto von Bismarck
d) Charles Albert of Sardinia
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Correct Answer: a) Giuseppe Garibaldi
Explanation: Giuseppe Garibaldi is considered one of the “fathers of the fatherland” of Italy, along with Camillo di Cavour, Victor Emmanuel II, and Giuseppe Mazzini, for his significant contributions to the unification of Italy.