Q1. Which of the following is not an important synthetic fiber?
a) Nylon
b) Polyester
c) Silk
d) Acrylic
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Correct Answer: c) Silk
Explanation: Silk is not a synthetic fiber; it is a natural protein fiber produced by silkworms to form cocoons. In contrast, nylon, polyester, and acrylic are all examples of synthetic fibers manufactured through chemical processes. Synthetic fibers offer advantages such as durability, resistance to wrinkles and abrasion, and versatility in applications ranging from clothing to industrial materials. While silk has been historically valued for its luxurious feel and lustrous appearance, synthetic fibers have gained popularity due to their affordability, ease of care, and wide availability.
Q2. What is the primary component of nylon?
a) Cellulose
b) Protein
c) Polyethylene
d) Polyamide
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Correct Answer: d) Polyamide
Explanation: Nylon is a synthetic fiber composed of polyamide polymers, making it a type of polyamide. It was first developed by DuPont in the 1930s and is known for its strength, elasticity, and resistance to abrasion. Nylon fibers are used in a variety of applications, including textiles, ropes, carpets, and industrial materials. The versatility and durability of nylon have made it one of the most widely used synthetic fibers in the world.
Q3. Which synthetic fiber is known for its excellent resistance to wrinkles and shrinkage?
a) Polyester
b) Acrylic
c) Rayon
d) Spandex
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Correct Answer: a) Polyester
Explanation: Polyester is known for its excellent resistance to wrinkles and shrinkage, making it a popular choice for clothing and home textiles. It is a synthetic polymer derived from petroleum, characterized by its durability, moisture-wicking properties, and ease of care. Polyester fibers can be blended with other fibers to enhance specific properties such as stretchability or breathability. Due to its versatility and affordability, polyester is widely used in apparel, upholstery, carpets, and technical textiles.
Q4. Which synthetic fiber is commonly used in outdoor clothing and gear due to its water-resistant properties?
a) Rayon
b) Acrylic
c) Polypropylene
d) Nylon
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Correct Answer: c) Polypropylene
Explanation: Polypropylene is commonly used in outdoor clothing and gear due to its water-resistant properties. It is a thermoplastic polymer known for its lightweight, moisture-wicking, and insulating properties. Polypropylene fibers repel water and dry quickly, making them ideal for outdoor activities such as hiking, skiing, and camping. Additionally, polypropylene is resistant to stains, mildew, and degradation from sunlight exposure, further enhancing its suitability for outdoor applications.
Q5. Which synthetic fiber is often used as a substitute for wool in knitwear and blankets?
a) Acrylic
b) Spandex
c) Rayon
d) Polyester
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Correct Answer: a) Acrylic
Explanation: Acrylic is often used as a substitute for wool in knitwear and blankets due to its softness, warmth, and wool-like texture. It is a synthetic polymer derived from petroleum and is known for its lightweight, easy-care properties. Acrylic fibers can be dyed in a wide range of colors and are resistant to fading and shrinkage. While acrylic may not have the same natural properties as wool, it offers affordability and versatility in applications where wool may be cost-prohibitive or impractical.
Q6. Which synthetic fiber is known for its exceptional elasticity and stretchability?
a) Nylon
b) Polyester
c) Rayon
d) Spandex
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Correct Answer: d) Spandex
Explanation: Spandex, also known as Lycra or elastane, is known for its exceptional elasticity and stretchability. It is a synthetic polymer composed of long-chain polyurethane, which allows spandex fibers to stretch up to five times their original length and quickly return to their original shape. Spandex is commonly used in sportswear, swimwear, undergarments, and medical garments due to its ability to provide a snug and comfortable fit. Its elasticity makes it an essential component in fabrics requiring flexibility and freedom of movement.
Q7. Which synthetic fiber is often used in flame-retardant clothing and upholstery?
a) Rayon
b) Polyester
c) Acrylic
d) Modacrylic
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Correct Answer: d) Modacrylic
Explanation: Modacrylic is often used in flame-retardant clothing and upholstery due to its inherent flame-resistant properties. It is a synthetic copolymer derived from acrylonitrile and other monomers, known for its resistance to combustion, heat, and chemicals. Modacrylic fibers are soft, resilient, and quick-drying, making them suitable for a range of applications requiring flame resistance, such as firefighter uniforms, protective clothing, and upholstery fabrics. Additionally, modacrylic fibers can be blended with other fibers to enhance their flame-retardant properties.
Q8. Which synthetic fiber is known for its softness, warmth, and hypoallergenic properties?
a) Acrylic
b) Polyester
c) Rayon
d) Bamboo viscose
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Correct Answer: d) Bamboo viscose
Explanation: Bamboo viscose, also known as bamboo rayon, is known for its softness, warmth, and hypoallergenic properties. It is derived from bamboo plants through a chemical process that breaks down bamboo fibers into a viscous solution, which is then extruded into fibers. Bamboo viscose fibers are breathable, moisture-wicking, and naturally antibacterial, making them ideal for sensitive skin and allergy sufferers. Bamboo viscose is used in clothing, bedding, towels, and other textiles where comfort and sustainability are valued.
Q9. Which synthetic fiber is commonly used in upholstery fabrics and carpets due to its durability and resistance to stains?
a) Polyester
b) Nylon
c) Acrylic
d) Rayon
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Correct Answer: b) Nylon
Explanation: Nylon is commonly used in upholstery fabrics and carpets due to its durability and resistance to stains. It is a synthetic polymer known for its strength, abrasion resistance, and resilience. Nylon fibers are highly resilient and can withstand heavy foot traffic, making them ideal for carpets and rugs in high-traffic areas. Additionally, nylon fabrics are easy to clean and maintain, as they can be spot-treated with water and mild detergent to remove stains and spills.
Q10. Which synthetic fiber is often used in cold-weather clothing and bedding due to its thermal insulation properties?
a) Polyester
b) Acrylic
c) Rayon
d) Polypropylene
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Correct Answer: a) Polyester
Explanation: Polyester is often used in cold-weather clothing and bedding due to its thermal insulation properties. While polyester itself is not inherently insulating, it can be engineered to trap air and retain body heat effectively. Polyester fibers can be blended with other insulating materials or processed into hollow fibers to enhance their thermal insulation properties. Polyester-filled jackets, blankets, and sleeping bags provide warmth without excessive bulk, making them popular choices for outdoor enthusiasts and winter sports enthusiasts.