Q1. Which of the following is a scalar quantity?
a) Force
b) Velocity
c) Mass
d) Acceleration
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Correct Answer: c) Mass
Explanation: Mass is a scalar quantity as it only has magnitude and no direction associated with it.
Q2. The SI unit of electric current is:
a) Ampere
b) Volt
c) Ohm
d) Watt
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Correct Answer: a) Ampere
Explanation: Ampere is the unit of electric current. It is defined as one coulomb of charge passing through a conductor in one second.
Q3. Which law of motion states that “Every object persists in its state of rest or uniform motion in a straight line unless it is compelled to change that state by external forces impressed upon it”?
a) Newton’s First Law
b) Newton’s Second Law
c) Newton’s Third Law
d) Archimedes’ Principle
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Correct Answer: a) Newton’s First Law
Explanation: Newton’s First Law of Motion states that an object remains at rest or in uniform motion unless acted upon by an external force.
Q4. The phenomenon of the bending of light when it passes from one medium to another is known as:
a) Reflection
b) Refraction
c) Diffraction
d) Dispersion
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Correct Answer: b) Refraction
Explanation: Refraction is the bending of light when it passes from one medium to another due to a change in its speed.
Q5. The SI unit of work and energy is the same, which is:
a) Joule
b) Newton
c) Watt
d) Ohm
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Correct Answer: a) Joule
Explanation: Joule is the unit of work and energy. It is defined as the work done or energy transferred when a force of one newton is applied over a distance of one meter.
Q6. Which of the following is not a fundamental force of nature?
a) Gravitational force
b) Electromagnetic force
c) Nuclear force
d) Frictional force
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Correct Answer: d) Frictional force
Explanation: Frictional force arises due to the interaction between surfaces in contact and is not considered a fundamental force of nature.
Q7. The process by which a liquid changes into its vapor phase at a temperature below its boiling point is called:
a) Boiling
b) Evaporation
c) Condensation
d) Sublimation
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Correct Answer: b) Evaporation
Explanation: Evaporation is the process in which a liquid changes into its vapor phase at a temperature below its boiling point.
Q8. The branch of physics that deals with the behaviour of very small particles such as atoms and nuclei is called:
a) Thermodynamics
b) Quantum mechanics
c) Relativity
d) Optics
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Correct Answer: b) Quantum mechanics
Explanation: Quantum mechanics is the branch of physics that deals with the behavior of particles at the atomic and subatomic levels.
Q9. The resistance of a conductor depends on its:
a) Length
b) Area of cross-section
c) Material
d) All of the above
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Correct Answer: d) All of the above
Explanation: The resistance of a conductor depends on its length, area of cross-section, and the material from which it is made.
Q10. The rate of change of velocity of an object is called:
a) Speed
b) Acceleration
c) Momentum
d) Force
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Correct Answer: b) Acceleration
Explanation: Acceleration is the rate of change of velocity of an object with respect to time. It can be positive (speeding up), negative (slowing down), or zero (constant speed).
Q11. What is the SI unit of force?
a) Newton
b) Joule
c) Watt
d) Kilogram
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Correct Answer: a) Newton
Explanation: The SI unit of force is the Newton (N). One Newton is defined as the force required to accelerate a mass of one kilogram at a rate of one meter per second squared.
Q12. Which of the following is not a fundamental quantity?
a) Time
b) Mass
c) Temperature
d) Volume
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Correct Answer: d) Volume
Explanation: Volume is a derived quantity, as it can be calculated from other fundamental quantities like length.
Q13. Which of Newton’s laws of motion states, “For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction”?
a) First Law
b) Second Law
c) Third Law
d) Fourth Law
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Correct Answer: c) Third Law
Explanation: Newton’s Third Law of Motion describes the relationship between the forces acting on two interacting objects.
Q14. Which of the following is a vector quantity?
a) Speed
b) Temperature
c) Distance
d) Displacement
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Correct Answer: d) Displacement
Explanation: Displacement is a vector quantity as it has both magnitude and direction.
Q15. What is the SI unit of power?
a) Watt
b) Joule
c) Newton
d) Ampere
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Correct Answer: a) Watt
Explanation: The SI unit of power is the Watt (W), defined as one Joule per second.
Q16. What is the phenomenon responsible for the apparent bending of a stick when placed in water?
a) Reflection
b) Refraction
c) Diffraction
d) Polarization
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Correct Answer: b) Refraction
Explanation: Refraction is the bending of light as it passes from one medium to another with different densities.
Q17. Which of the following types of energy is associated with motion?
a) Kinetic energy
b) Potential energy
c) Thermal energy
d) Chemical energy
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Correct Answer: a) Kinetic energy
Explanation: Kinetic energy is the energy possessed by an object due to its motion.
Q18. What does the law of conservation of energy state?
a) Energy can be created but not destroyed
b) Energy cannot be created nor destroyed
c) Energy can neither be created nor destroyed, but it can change forms
d) Energy can be created and destroyed freely
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Correct Answer: c) Energy can neither be created nor destroyed, but it can change forms
Explanation: According to the law of conservation of energy, the total energy of an isolated system remains constant over time.
Q19. Which of the following is a unit of electric charge?
a) Joule
b) Coulomb
c) Volt
d) Ampere
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Correct Answer: b) Coulomb
Explanation: The Coulomb (C) is the SI unit of electric charge, named after Charles-Augustin de Coulomb.
Q20. What is the acceleration due to gravity on the surface of the Earth?
a) 9.8 m/s²
b) 10 m/s²
c) 5 m/s²
d) 15 m/s²
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Correct Answer: a) 9.8 m/s²
Explanation: The acceleration due to gravity on the surface of the Earth is approximately 9.8 meters per second squared.
Q21. Which of the following statements about inertia is true?
a) Inertia depends on the mass of an object
b) Inertia depends on the volume of an object
c) Inertia depends on the shape of an object
d) Inertia depends on the temperature of an object
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Correct Answer: a) Inertia depends on the mass of an object
Explanation: Inertia is the tendency of an object to resist changes in its motion, and it depends on the mass of the object.
Q22. What is the SI unit of electric potential difference?
a) Volt
b) Ampere
c) Ohm
d) Watt
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Correct Answer: a) Volt
Explanation: The Volt (V) is the SI unit of electric potential difference, representing one Joule per Coulomb.
Q23. Which of the following quantities has both magnitude and direction?
a) Scalar
b) Vector
c) Tensor
d) Tensor
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Correct Answer: b) Vector
Explanation: Vectors are quantities that have both magnitude and direction, unlike scalars, which have only magnitude.
Q24. What is the SI unit of frequency?
a) Hertz
b) Newton
c) Pascal
d) Tesla
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Correct Answer: a) Hertz
Explanation: The Hertz (Hz) is the SI unit of frequency, representing one cycle per second.
Q25. Which of the following is a renewable source of energy?
a) Coal
b) Natural gas
c) Solar
d) Nuclear
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Correct Answer: c) Solar
Explanation: Solar energy is derived from the Sun and is considered a renewable source of energy.
Q26. What is the phenomenon responsible for the formation of a rainbow?
a) Reflection
b) Refraction
c) Diffraction
d) Dispersion
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Correct Answer: d) Dispersion
Explanation: Dispersion is the separation of light into its component colors, resulting in the formation of a rainbow.
Q27. Which of the following is the correct formula for calculating density?
a) Density = Mass × Volume
b) Density = Volume / Mass
c) Density = Mass / Volume
d) Density = Force / Area
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Correct Answer: c) Density = Mass / Volume
Explanation: Density is defined as mass per unit volume.
Q28. What is the SI unit of magnetic flux?
a) Weber
b) Tesla
c) Coulomb
d) Newton
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Correct Answer: a) Weber
Explanation: The Weber (Wb) is the SI unit of magnetic flux.
Q29. Which law of thermodynamics states that “Energy cannot be transferred from a colder body to a hotter body without the application of work”?
a) Zeroth Law
b) First Law
c) Second Law
d) Third Law
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Correct Answer: c) Second Law
Explanation: The Second Law of Thermodynamics deals with the direction of heat transfer and the efficiency of heat engines.
Q30. What is the SI unit of capacitance?
a) Farad
b) Henry
c) Coulomb
d) Ohm
Show Answer
Correct Answer: a) Farad
Explanation: The Farad (F) is the SI unit of capacitance, representing one Coulomb per Volt.