Q21. What happens to the data stored in Random Access Memory (RAM) when the computer is turned off?
a) It is saved permanently
b) It is transferred to the hard drive
c) It is lost
d) It is compressed for later use
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Correct Answer: c) It is lost
Explanation: RAM is volatile memory, meaning it only holds data while the computer is powered on. Once the computer is turned off, the data stored in RAM is erased. This makes RAM ideal for temporary data storage during active processing tasks but not for long-term storage. Permanent storage is handled by devices like hard drives or SSDs.
Q22. What type of device is a hard disk?
a) Input device
b) Output device
c) Storage device
d) Processing device
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Correct Answer: c) Storage device
Explanation: A hard disk is a storage device used to store data permanently or semi-permanently on a computer. It retains files, operating systems, and applications even when the computer is powered off, making it a crucial component for data preservation and retrieval.
Q23. Which of the following is NOT an example of an output device?
a) Monitor
b) Printer
c) Keyboard
d) Speaker
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Correct Answer: c) Keyboard
Explanation: A keyboard is an input device that allows users to enter data into a computer by pressing keys. Output devices, on the other hand, are used to present data from the computer to the user, such as monitors (for visual output) and speakers (for audio output).
Q24. What is the primary function of a motherboard in a computer system?
a) To store data
b) To display graphics
c) To connect and communicate between all the components of the computer
d) To provide internet connectivity
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Correct Answer: c) To connect and communicate between all the components of the computer
Explanation: The motherboard is the main circuit board in a computer, housing the CPU, memory, and other essential components. It facilitates communication between the different parts of the computer, including the processor, memory, storage, and peripheral devices.
Q25. Which port is commonly used for high-definition video output on modern monitors?
a) USB
b) VGA
c) HDMI
d) Ethernet
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Correct Answer: c) HDMI
Explanation: HDMI (High-Definition Multimedia Interface) is a commonly used port for transmitting high-definition video and audio from a computer to a monitor or TV. It has largely replaced older connectors like VGA and DVI due to its ability to carry both audio and video signals in a single cable.
Q26. Which type of memory is used to store the BIOS (Basic Input/Output System) in a computer?
a) RAM
b) ROM
c) Cache
d) Virtual memory
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Correct Answer: b) ROM
Explanation: ROM (Read-Only Memory) is non-volatile memory that stores the BIOS, which is essential for booting up the computer and performing hardware initialization. Unlike RAM, the data in ROM is retained even when the computer is powered off, ensuring that the BIOS is always available when needed.
Q27. What does the acronym BIOS stand for?
a) Basic Internal Output System
b) Binary Input Output System
c) Basic Input/Output System
d) Backup Information Operating System
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Correct Answer: c) Basic Input/Output System
Explanation: BIOS stands for Basic Input/Output System, a firmware used to perform hardware initialization during the booting process and to provide runtime services for operating systems and programs. The BIOS is stored in ROM and is the first software to run when a computer is powered on.
Q28. Which of the following devices can be considered both an input and an output device?
a) Printer
b) Touchscreen
c) Monitor
d) Mouse
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Correct Answer: b) Touchscreen
Explanation: A touchscreen functions as both an input and an output device. As an input device, it allows users to interact with the computer by touching the screen to issue commands. As an output device, it displays visual content just like a regular monitor.
Q29. Which storage device uses flash memory and has no moving parts?
a) Hard disk drive (HDD)
b) Solid-state drive (SSD)
c) CD-ROM
d) Floppy disk
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Correct Answer: b) Solid-state drive (SSD)
Explanation: An SSD is a storage device that uses flash memory to store data and has no moving parts, making it faster and more durable than traditional hard disk drives (HDDs). SSDs are increasingly used in modern computers due to their speed and reliability.
Q30. What is the function of a computer’s cooling system?
a) To enhance the graphics output
b) To prevent the system from overheating
c) To increase the data transfer speed
d) To maintain power supply stability
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Correct Answer: b) To prevent the system from overheating
Explanation: A computer’s cooling system, which may include fans, heat sinks, or liquid cooling, is designed to prevent the CPU and other components from overheating during operation. Overheating can lead to system instability, hardware damage, and reduced performance, making proper cooling essential for reliable operation.