MCQs on Industrial Policies and Industrial Sectors- Indian Geography
Q1. Which industrial policy in India declared the Indian economy as a mixed economy?
a) Industrial Policy Resolution, 1948
b) Industrial Policy Resolution, 1956
c) Industrial Policy Resolution, 1966
d) Industrial Policy Resolution, 1991
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Answer: a) Industrial Policy Resolution, 1948
Explanation: The Industrial Policy Resolution of 1948 declared the Indian economy as a mixed economy, with both public and private sectors coexisting. In 1948 the first Industrial Policy was presented in the parliament by then Industry Minister Dr. Shyama Prasad Mukherjee. The policy properly has a demarcation between the areas of operation vis-a-vis the private and public sectors in the country. Indian economy is called a mixed economy.
Q2. Which industrial policy is also known as the Economic Constitution of India?
a) Industrial Policy Resolution, 1948
b) Industrial Policy Resolution, 1956
c) Industrial Policy Resolution, 1966
d) Industrial Policy Resolution, 1991
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Answer: b) Industrial Policy Resolution, 1956
Explanation: The Industrial Policy Resolution of 1956 is also known as the Economic Constitution of India, as it laid down the basic framework of industrial policy in the country.
Q3. In which year was the liberalized industrial policy announced in India?
a) 1985
b) 1990
c) 1991
d) 1995
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Answer: c) 1991
Explanation: The liberalized industrial policy was announced in India in 1991, with the objective of raising efficiency and accelerating economic growth.
Q4. Which of the following is NOT a major objective of the industrial policy in India?
a) Maintaining steady growth and productivity
b) Increasing employment opportunities
c) Achieving international competitiveness
d) Promoting tourism
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Answer: d) Promoting tourism
Explanation: Promoting tourism is not a major objective of the industrial policy in India. The main objectives include maintaining steady growth and productivity, increasing employment opportunities, and achieving international competitiveness.
Q5. Which of the following sectors was given exclusive monopoly by the central government under the Industrial Policy Resolution, 1948?
a) Textile industry
b) Arms and ammunition
c) Automobile industry
d) Cement industry
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Answer: b) Arms and ammunition
Explanation: Under the Industrial Policy Resolution, 1948, the central government held exclusive monopoly over arms and ammunition, production of atomic energy, and management of railways.
Q6. Which of the following industries was regulated by the government under the Industrial Policy Resolution, 1948?
a) Textile industry
b) Iron and steel industry
c) Automobile industry
d) Cement industry
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Answer: b) Iron and steel industry
Explanation: Under the Industrial Policy Resolution, 1948, industries of basic importance, such as the iron and steel industry, were regulated by the government.
Q7. Which of the following industries was open to private enterprise, individuals, and cooperatives under the Industrial Policy Resolution, 1948?
a) Textile industry
b) Iron and steel industry
c) Automobile industry
d) Cement industry
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Answer: a) Textile industry
Explanation: Under the Industrial Policy Resolution, 1948, the textile industry and other remaining industries were open to private enterprise, individuals, and cooperatives.
Q8. Which of the following is a major industrial region in India?
a) Mumbai-Pune cluster
b) Jaipur-Ajmer region
c) Indore-Dewas-Ujjain region
d) Kolhapur-South Kannada region
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Answer: a) Mumbai-Pune cluster
Explanation: The Mumbai-Pune cluster is a major industrial region in India, with a concentration of various industries such as textiles, chemicals, and engineering.
Q9. Which of the following factors affects the distribution of industries in India?
a) Availability of raw materials
b) Access to markets
c) Availability of skilled labor
d) All of the above
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Answer: d) All of the above
Explanation: The distribution of industries in India is affected by various factors such as the availability of raw materials, access to markets, and availability of skilled labor.
Q10. Which of the following industries is a sunrise industry in India?
a) Textile industry
b) Iron and steel industry
c) Information technology industry
d) Cement industry
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Answer: c) Information technology industry
Explanation: The information technology industry is a sunrise industry in India, with rapid growth and development in recent years.
Q11. Which of the following industries is a part of the secondary sector of the economy?
a) Agriculture
b) Mining
c) Manufacturing
d) Services
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Answer: c) Manufacturing
Explanation: The manufacturing industry is a part of the secondary sector of the economy, which includes the production of goods from raw materials.
Q12. Which Indian state has the largest concentration of cotton textile industries?
a) Gujarat
b) Maharashtra
c) Tamil Nadu
d) Andhra Pradesh
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Answer: b) Maharashtra
Explanation: Maharashtra has the largest concentration of cotton textile industries in India, particularly in the Mumbai-Pune industrial region.
Q13. Which of the following industries is a part of the tertiary sector of the economy?
a) Agriculture
b) Mining
c) Manufacturing
d) Services
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Answer: d) Services
Explanation: The services industry is a part of the tertiary sector of the economy, which includes activities such as retail, banking, and education.
Q14. Which of the following industries is a part of the primary sector of the economy?
a) Agriculture
b) Mining
c) Manufacturing
d) Services
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Answer: a) Agriculture
Explanation: The agriculture industry is a part of the primary sector of the economy, which includes activities related to the extraction and production of natural resources.
Q15. Which of the following industries is a part of the quaternary sector of the economy?
a) Agriculture
b) Mining
c) Manufacturing
d) Information technology
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Answer: d) Information technology
Explanation: The information technology industry is a part of the quaternary sector of the economy, which includes activities related to knowledge-based services and innovation.
Q16. Which of the following industries is a part of the quinary sector of the economy?
a) Agriculture
b) Mining
c) Manufacturing
d) Health and education
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Answer: d) Health and education
Explanation: The health and education industries are a part of the quinary sector of the economy, which includes activities related to high-level decision-making and human services.
Q17. Which of the following industries is a major employer in the Indian economy?
a) Textile industry
b) Iron and steel industry
c) Automobile industry
d) Cement industry
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Answer: a) Textile industry
Explanation: The textile industry is one of the largest and most important sectors in the Indian economy in terms of employment generation, contributing significantly to the country’s GDP and export earnings.
Q18. Which of the following industries is a major contributor to India’s export earnings?
a) Textile industry
b) Iron and steel industry
c) Automobile industry
d) Cement industry
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Answer: a) Textile industry
Explanation: The textile industry is a major contributor to India’s export earnings, with products such as garments, fabrics, and yarns being exported to various countries.
Q19. Which of the following industries is a major consumer of electricity in India?
a) Textile industry
b) Iron and steel industry
c) Automobile industry
d) Cement industry
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Answer: b) Iron and steel industry
Explanation: The iron and steel industry is a major consumer of electricity in India, as the production process requires a significant amount of energy.
Q20. Which of the following industries is a major user of water in India?
a) Textile industry
b) Iron and steel industry
c) Automobile industry
d) Paper and pulp industry
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Answer: d) Paper and pulp industry
Explanation: The paper and pulp industry is a major user of water in India, as the production process requires a significant amount of water for various stages such as pulping, bleaching, and papermaking.