MCQs on Slums and Informal Settlements in India- Indian Geography
Q1. What is the estimated percentage of the urban population living in slums in India?
a) 10%
b) 20%
c) 17%
d) 35%
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Correct Answer: c) 17%
Explanation: According to 2011 census, the slum population in India is roughly 65 million which is 17% of urban India and 5.4% of the total population of India. Maharashtra had a population of 1.18 crore living in slums in 2011, followed by Andhra Pradesh at nearly 1.02 crore.
Q2. Which city is home to one of the largest slums in Asia, Dharavi?
a) Delhi
b) Mumbai
c) Kolkata
d) Chennai
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Correct Answer: b) Mumbai
Q3. What is the primary cause of slum formation in India?
a) Rapid rural-to-urban migration
b) Economic stagnation
c) High unemployment
d) Natural disasters
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Correct Answer: a) Rapid rural-to-urban migration
Q4. Which of the following is a major issue faced by slum dwellers in India?
a) Inadequate access to clean water
b) Lack of proper sanitation facilities
c) Poor housing conditions
d) All of the above
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Correct Answer: d) All of the above
Q5. Which Indian state has the highest percentage of its urban population living in slums?
a) Maharashtra
b) Uttar Pradesh
c) West Bengal
d) Tamil Nadu
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Correct Answer: a) Maharashtra
Q6. What is the main source of income for the majority of slum dwellers in India?
a) Formal sector employment
b) Informal sector employment
c) Government assistance
d) Remittances from family members
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Correct Answer: b) Informal sector employment
Q7. Which of the following is a major health issue faced by slum dwellers in India?
a) Infectious diseases
b) Non-communicable diseases
c) Malnutrition
d) All of the above
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Correct Answer: d) All of the above
Q8. What is the primary reason for the lack of proper sanitation facilities in Indian slums?
a) Insufficient government funding
b) Inadequate infrastructure
c) High population density
d) All of the above
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Correct Answer: d) All of the above
Q9. Which of the following is a major environmental issue faced by slum dwellers in India?
a) Air pollution
b) Water pollution
c) Solid waste management
d) All of the above
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Correct Answer: d) All of the above
Q10. Which Indian government initiative was launched in 1996 to provide loans and subsidies for slum rehabilitation projects?
a) National Slum Development Programme (NSDP)
b) Valmiki Ambedkar Malina Basti Awas Yozana (VAMBAY)
c) Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana (PMAY)
d) Jawaharlal Nehru National Urban Renewal Mission (JNNURM)
Show Answer
Correct Answer: a) National Slum Development Programme (NSDP)
Explanation: The National Slum Development Programme (NSDP) was initiated in 1996 to provide loans and subsidies for slum rehabilitation projects.
Q11. What is the main cause of the housing shortage in Indian slums?
a) Rapid population growth
b) Inadequate infrastructure
c) Lack of affordable housing
d) All of the above
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Correct Answer: d) All of the above
Explanation: Rapid population growth, inadequate infrastructure, and lack of affordable housing are the main causes of the housing shortage in Indian slums.
Q12. Which of the following is a major challenge faced by slum redevelopment projects in India?
a) Land acquisition
b) Financing
c) Resistance from slum dwellers
d) All of the above
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Correct Answer: d) All of the above
Explanation: Land acquisition, financing, and resistance from slum dwellers are major challenges faced by slum redevelopment projects in India.
Q13. What is the primary reason for the lack of access to clean water in Indian slums?
a) Insufficient government funding
b) Inadequate infrastructure
c) High population density
d) All of the above
Show Answer
Correct Answer: d) All of the above
Explanation: Insufficient government funding, inadequate infrastructure, and high population density are the primary reasons for the lack of access to clean water in Indian slums.
Q14. Which of the following is a major transportation issue faced by slum dwellers in India?
a) Traffic congestion
b) Inadequate public transportation
c) Poor road conditions
d) All of the above
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Correct Answer: d) All of the above
Explanation: Traffic congestion, inadequate public transportation, and poor road conditions are major transportation issues faced by slum dwellers in India.
Q15. What is the main cause of the energy crisis in Indian slums?
a) Rapid population growth
b) Inadequate infrastructure
c) High demand for energy
d) All of the above
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Correct Answer: d) All of the above
Explanation: Rapid population growth, inadequate infrastructure, and high demand for energy are the main causes of the energy crisis in Indian slums.
Q16. Which of the following is a major education issue faced by slum dwellers in India?
a) Lack of access to quality education
b) High dropout rates
c) Child labor
d) All of the above
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Correct Answer: d) All of the above
Explanation: Lack of access to quality education, high dropout rates, and child labor are major education issues faced by slum dwellers in India.
Q17. What is the main cause of the water crisis in Indian slums?
a) Rapid population growth
b) Inadequate infrastructure
c) Pollution of water sources
d) All of the above
Show Answer
Correct Answer: d) All of the above
Explanation: Rapid population growth, inadequate infrastructure, and pollution of water sources are the main causes of the water crisis in Indian slums.
Q18. Which of the following is a major challenge faced by urban planning in Indian slums?
a) Lack of cohesive urban planning
b) Inadequate infrastructure
c) Lack of proper housing and transportation
d) All of the above
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Correct Answer: d) All of the above
Explanation: Lack of cohesive urban planning, inadequate infrastructure, and lack of proper housing and transportation are major challenges faced by urban planning in Indian slums.
Q19. What is the main cause of the sanitation crisis in Indian slums?
a) Rapid population growth
b) Inadequate infrastructure
c) High population density
d) All of the above
Show Answer
Correct Answer: d) All of the above
Explanation: Rapid population growth, inadequate infrastructure, and high population density are the main causes of the sanitation crisis in Indian slums.
Q20. Which of the following is a major social issue faced by slum dwellers in India?
a) Crime and violence
b) Drug abuse
c) Social exclusion
d) All of the above
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Correct Answer: d) All of the above
Explanation: Crime and violence, drug abuse, and social exclusion are major social issues faced by slum dwellers in India.