MCQs on Urbanization and its Challenges in India- Indian Geography
Q1. What is the current percentage of the Indian population living in urban areas?
a) 20%
b) 25%
c) 30%
d) 34%
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Correct Answer: d) 34%
Explanation: As of 2017, 34% of the Indian population lives in urban areas.
Q2. Which Indian state has the highest urbanization rate?
a) Maharashtra
b) Tamil Nadu
c) Gujarat
d) Kerala
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Correct Answer: b) Tamil Nadu
Explanation: Tamil Nadu has the highest urbanization rate among Indian states at 43.9%.
Q3. What is the estimated percentage of the Indian population living in urban areas by 2030?
a) 35%
b) 40%
c) 45%
d) 50%
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Correct Answer: b) 40%
Explanation: By 2030, it is estimated that 40.76% of India’s population will reside in urban areas.
Q4. Which of the following is a major challenge faced by urban areas in India?
a) Poor local governance
b) Strong finances
c) Appropriate planning
d) Low costs of housing and office space
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Correct Answer: a) Poor local governance
Explanation: Poor local governance is a major challenge faced by urban areas in India.
Q5. What is the main cause of urbanization in India?
a) Expansion in government services
b) Decrease in agricultural activities
c) Increase in industrialization
d) All of the above
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Correct Answer: d) All of the above
Explanation: Expansion in government services, decrease in agricultural activities, and increase in industrialization are all main causes of urbanization in India.
Q6. What is the percentage of slum population in Indian cities?
a) 10%
b) 15%
c) 20%
d) 26%
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Correct Answer: d) 26%
Explanation: Slums account for about 26% of the total urban population in Indian cities.
Q7. Which of the following is a major issue related to urbanization in India?
a) Overcrowding
b) Unemployment
c) Slums and squatter settlements
d) All of the above
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Correct Answer: d) All of the above
Explanation: Overcrowding, unemployment, and slums and squatter settlements are major issues related to urbanization in India.
Q8. What is the projected increase in India’s urban population by 2050?
a) 200 million
b) 300 million
c) 416 million
d) 500 million
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Correct Answer: c) 416 million
Explanation: India’s urban population is projected to increase by 416 million by 2050.
Q9. Which Indian city has the highest population density?
a) Mumbai
b) Delhi
c) Kolkata
d) Chennai
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Correct Answer: a) Mumbai
Explanation: Mumbai has the highest population density among Indian cities.
Q10. What is the main source of revenue for urban local bodies in India?
a) Property tax
b) Sales tax
c) Income tax
d) Corporate tax
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Correct Answer: a) Property tax
Explanation: Property tax is the main source of revenue for urban local bodies in India.
Q11. Which of the following is a major environmental issue faced by urban areas in India?
a) Air pollution
b) Water pollution
c) Solid waste management
d) All of the above
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Correct Answer: d) All of the above
Explanation: Air pollution, water pollution, and solid waste management are major environmental issues faced by urban areas in India.
Q12. What is the percentage of India’s GDP generated by urban areas?
a) 40%
b) 50%
c) 60%
d) 70%
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Correct Answer: c) 60%
Explanation: Urban areas in India generate around 60% of the country’s GDP.
Q13. Which of the following is a major health issue faced by urban areas in India?
a) Non-communicable diseases
b) Road traffic injuries
c) Infectious diseases
d) All of the above
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Correct Answer: d) All of the above
Explanation: Non-communicable diseases, road traffic injuries, and infectious diseases are major health issues faced by urban areas in India.
Q14. What is the main cause of urban sprawl in India?
a) Rapid population growth
b) Inadequate infrastructure
c) Lack of proper housing
d) All of the above
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Correct Answer: d) All of the above
Explanation: Rapid population growth, inadequate infrastructure, and lack of proper housing are the main causes of urban sprawl in India.
Q15. Which of the following is a major transportation issue faced by urban areas in India?
a) Traffic congestion
b) Inadequate public transportation
c) Poor road conditions
d) All of the above
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Correct Answer: d) All of the above
Explanation: Traffic congestion, inadequate public transportation, and poor road conditions are major transportation issues faced by urban areas in India.
Q16. What is the main cause of the housing shortage in urban areas in India?
a) Rapid population growth
b) Inadequate infrastructure
c) Lack of affordable housing
d) All of the above
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Correct Answer: d) All of the above
Explanation: Rapid population growth, inadequate infrastructure, and lack of affordable housing are the main causes of the housing shortage in urban areas in India.
Q17. Which of the following is a major challenge faced by urban local bodies in India?
a) Weak finances
b) Strong finances
c) Appropriate planning
d) Low costs of housing and office space
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Correct Answer: a) Weak finances
Explanation: Weak finances are a major challenge faced by urban local bodies in India.
Q18. What is the main cause of the water crisis in urban areas in India?
a) Rapid population growth
b) Inadequate infrastructure
c) Pollution of water sources
d) All of the above
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Correct Answer: d) All of the above
Explanation: Rapid population growth, inadequate infrastructure, and pollution of water sources are the main causes of the water crisis in urban areas in India.
Q19. Which of the following is a major challenge faced by urban planning in India?
a) Lack of cohesive urban planning
b) Inadequate infrastructure
c) Lack of proper housing and transportation
d) All of the above
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Correct Answer: d) All of the above
Explanation: Lack of cohesive urban planning, inadequate infrastructure, and lack of proper housing and transportation are major challenges faced by urban planning in India.
Q20. What is the main cause of the energy crisis in urban areas in India?
a) Rapid population growth
b) Inadequate infrastructure
c) High demand for energy
d) All of the above
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Correct Answer: d) All of the above
Explanation: Rapid population growth, inadequate infrastructure, and high demand for energy are the main causes of the energy crisis in urban areas in India.