Q1. What is the medical condition characterized by the loss of muscle function in part of the body?
a) Anemia
b) Paralysis
c) Diabetes
d) Arthritis
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Correct Answer: b) Paralysis
Explanation: Paralysis is the loss of muscle function in part of the body, often caused by damage to the nervous system. It can be localized to one specific part or generalized, affecting a larger area or even the entire body. Paralysis can result from various causes such as stroke, spinal cord injury, or neurological disorders like multiple sclerosis.
Q2. Which of the following is an abnormal immune system response to a harmless substance?
a) Asthma
b) Allergy
c) Pneumonia
d) Bronchitis
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Correct Answer: b) Allergy
Explanation: An allergy is an abnormal immune system response to a harmless substance, such as pollen, certain foods, or pet dander. When an allergic person is exposed to these substances, their immune system reacts by releasing chemicals like histamine, leading to symptoms like sneezing, itching, or swelling.
Q3. Schizophrenia is characterized by:
a) Split personality
b) Mood swings
c) Hallucinations and delusions
d) Excessive fear of water
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Correct Answer: c) Hallucinations and delusions
Explanation: Schizophrenia is a severe mental disorder characterized by hallucinations, delusions, disorganized thinking, and impaired social or occupational functioning. People with schizophrenia may experience hallucinations (perceiving things that aren’t real) and delusions (false beliefs), leading to significant distress and difficulty in daily life.
Q4. What neurological disorder is characterized by recurrent seizures?
a) Epilepsy
b) Migraine
c) Vertigo
d) Parkinson’s disease
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Correct Answer: a) Epilepsy
Explanation: Epilepsy is a neurological disorder characterized by recurrent seizures, which are sudden, uncontrolled electrical disturbances in the brain. Seizure symptoms can vary widely, from staring spells to convulsions, and can be triggered by factors like flashing lights, stress, or lack of sleep.
Q5. Diplopia is a medical term for:
a) Double vision
b) Blurred vision
c) Tunnel vision
d) Night blindness
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Correct Answer: a) Double vision
Explanation: Diplopia, also known as double vision, is a condition in which a person sees two images of a single object. This can occur in one or both eyes and may be constant or intermittent. Diplopia can be caused by various factors, including eye muscle weakness, nerve damage, or certain health conditions.
Q6. What is the inflammation of the bronchial tubes called?
a) Asthma
b) Bronchitis
c) Pneumonia
d) Emphysema
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Correct Answer: b) Bronchitis
Explanation: Bronchitis is the inflammation of the bronchial tubes, which carry air to and from the lungs. It can be acute or chronic and is often caused by viruses or bacteria. Symptoms include coughing, wheezing, chest discomfort, and mucus production.
Q7. What is a common viral infection affecting the upper respiratory tract, causing symptoms like sneezing and sore throat?
a) Influenza
b) Pneumonia
c) Colds
d) Tuberculosis
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Correct Answer: c) Colds
Explanation: Colds are a common viral infection affecting the upper respiratory tract, caused mainly by rhinoviruses. Symptoms include sneezing, sore throat, runny or stuffy nose, coughing, and mild fever. Colds are usually self-limiting and resolve within a week with rest and supportive care.
Q8. Colic refers to:
a) Joint inflammation
b) Stomach pain in infants
c) Skin rash
d) Chronic fatigue syndrome
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Correct Answer: b) Stomach pain in infants
Explanation: Colic is a condition characterized by frequent and intense crying episodes in otherwise healthy infants, typically occurring in the late afternoon or evening. The cause of colic is not well understood but may involve digestive issues, gas, or immature nervous system development. Colic usually resolves on its own by three to four months of age.
Q9. Delirium is characterized by:
a) Persistent sadness
b) Confusion and disorientation
c) Excessive thirst
d) Difficulty swallowing
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Correct Answer: b) Confusion and disorientation
Explanation: Delirium is a sudden and severe state of confusion and disorientation, often accompanied by hallucinations, agitation, or disturbed sleep-wake cycles. It can be caused by various factors, including infections, medication side effects, metabolic imbalances, or underlying medical conditions. Delirium requires prompt medical attention to identify and address the underlying cause.
Q10. Hydrophobia is a symptom associated with:
a) Fear of heights
b) Fear of water
c) Fear of confined spaces
d) Fear of insects
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Correct Answer: b) Fear of water
Explanation: Hydrophobia, also known as fear of water, is a symptom associated with rabies, a viral infection transmitted through the bite of an infected animal. People with rabies may develop an irrational fear of water due to difficulty swallowing (hydrophobia), along with other symptoms like fever, headache, confusion, and paralysis.