Q1. Which of the following is not a characteristic feature of fungi?
a) Autotrophic
b) Heterotrophic
c) Eukaryotic
d) Cell wall made of chitin
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Correct Answer: a) Autotrophic
Explanation: Fungi are heterotrophic organisms, meaning they cannot produce their own food through photosynthesis.
Q2. Which phylum of fungi contains mushrooms, molds, and yeasts?
a) Zygomycota
b) Ascomycota
c) Basidiomycota
d) Chytridiomycota
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Correct Answer: c) Basidiomycota
Explanation: Basidiomycota includes familiar fungi like mushrooms, puffballs, and bracket fungi.
Q3. Which of the following is an example of a unicellular fungus?
a) Rhizopus
b) Penicillium
c) Saccharomyces
d) Aspergillus
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Correct Answer: c) Saccharomyces
Explanation: Saccharomyces is a genus of yeast, which is a unicellular fungus commonly used in baking and brewing.
Q4. The sexual spores produced by Ascomycota are called:
a) Ascospores
b) Basidiospores
c) Conidia
d) Zoospores
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Correct Answer: a) Ascospores
Explanation: Ascomycota produce sexual spores called ascospores within sac-like structures called asci.
Q5. Which fungal phylum is characterized by having flagellated spores?
a) Ascomycota
b) Basidiomycota
c) Zygomycota
d) Chytridiomycota
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Correct Answer: d) Chytridiomycota
Explanation: Chytridiomycota is the only fungal phylum that produces flagellated spores known as zoospores.
Q6. Fungi reproduce asexually through structures called:
a) Hyphae
b) Ascocarps
c) Sporangia
d) Stolons
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Correct Answer: c) Sporangia
Explanation: Sporangia are structures that produce asexual spores called sporangiospores in fungi like Rhizopus.
Q7. Which of the following fungi forms mycorrhizae with plant roots?
a) Rhizopus
b) Aspergillus
c) Lichen
d) Glomeromycota
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Correct Answer: d) Glomeromycota
Explanation: Glomeromycota form symbiotic relationships with plant roots, aiding in nutrient absorption.
Q8. The black bread mold, Rhizopus stolonifer, belongs to which phylum?
a) Zygomycota
b) Basidiomycota
c) Ascomycota
d) Chytridiomycota
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Correct Answer: a) Zygomycota
Explanation: Rhizopus stolonifer is a common example of a fungus belonging to the phylum Zygomycota.
Q9. Fungi are important decomposers in ecosystems because they:
a) Fix nitrogen
b) Produce oxygen
c) Break down dead organic matter
d) Engage in photosynthesis
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Correct Answer: c) Break down dead organic matter
Explanation: Fungi play a crucial role in decomposing dead organic material, recycling nutrients in ecosystems.
Q10. The symbiotic relationship between fungi and photosynthetic organisms like algae is known as:
a) Mycorrhizae
b) Lichen
c) Yeast
d) Mold
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Correct Answer: b) Lichen
Explanation: Lichen is a composite organism consisting of a fungus and a photosynthetic partner (usually algae or cyanobacteria).