Q91. The process of seed formation occurs in:
[A] Algae and Bryophytes
[B] Bryophytes and Pteridophytes
[C] Pteridophytes and Gymnosperms
[D] Gymnosperms and Angiosperms
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Correct Answer: [D] Gymnosperms and Angiosperms
Explanation: Seed formation is a characteristic feature of gymnosperms and angiosperms. In these groups, the fertilized ovule develops into a seed, which contains the embryo and stored food.
Q92. Fruit formation occurs in:
[A] Algae
[B] Bryophytes
[C] Gymnosperms
[D] Angiosperms
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Correct Answer: [D] Angiosperms
Explanation: Fruit formation is a unique characteristic of angiosperms. The fruit develops from the ovary after fertilization and encloses the seeds.
Q93. Which of the following plant groups has the most reduced gametophyte?
[A] Algae
[B] Bryophytes
[C] Pteridophytes
[D] Angiosperms
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Correct Answer: [D] Angiosperms
Explanation: Angiosperms have the most reduced gametophyte. The male gametophyte is just the pollen grain with a few cells, and the female gametophyte (embryo sa[C] is also very small and contained within the ovule.
Q94. Which of the following plant groups has the most elaborate sporophyte?
[A] Algae
[B] Bryophytes
[C] Pteridophytes
[D] Angiosperms
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Correct Answer: [D] Angiosperms
Explanation: Angiosperms have the most elaborate and dominant sporophyte, which is the complex, differentiated plant body with roots, stems, leaves, flowers, and fruits.
Q95. The study of algae is called:
[A] Mycology
[B] Phycology
[C] Bryology
[D] Pteridology
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Correct Answer: [B] Phycology
Explanation: Phycology is the branch of botany that deals with the study of algae, including their structure, physiology, ecology, and classification.
Q96. The study of bryophytes is called:
[A] Phycology
[B] Mycology
[C] Bryology
[D] Pteridology
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Correct Answer: [C] Bryology
Explanation: Bryology is the branch of botany that deals with the study of bryophytes, including mosses, liverworts, and hornworts.
Q97. The study of pteridophytes is called:
[A] Bryology
[B] Phycology
[C] Pteridology
[D] Mycology
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Correct Answer: [C] Pteridology
Explanation: Pteridology is the branch of botany that deals with the study of pteridophytes, including ferns and their allies.
Q98. Which of the following is a homosporous pteridophyte?
[A] Selaginella
[B] Salvinia
[C] Lycopodium
[D] Isoetes
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Correct Answer: [C] Lycopodium
Explanation: Lycopodium (club moss) is a homosporous pteridophyte, meaning it produces only one type of spore that develops into a gametophyte bearing both male and female sex organs.
Q99. Which of the following is an aquatic fern?
[A] Dryopteris
[B] Pteris
[C] Salvinia
[D] Adiantum
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Correct Answer: [C] Salvinia
Explanation: Salvinia is a free-floating aquatic fern. It is heterosporous and is often found in freshwater habitats.
Q100. The economic importance of gymnosperms includes their use as a source of:
[A] Food and fodder
[B] Medicines and dyes
[C] Timber and resin
[D] All of the above
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Correct Answer: [D] All of the above
Explanation: Gymnosperms have various economic uses. They are a source of timber for construction and paper pulp (e.g., pines), resin used in varnishes and other products, some are edible (e.g., seeds of Pinus), and some have medicinal properties (e.g., EphedrA).