Q11. The branch of biology that deals with the naming and categorization of organisms is called:
a) Systematics
b) Cytology
c) Ontogeny
d) Histology
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Correct Answer: a) Systematics
Explanation: Systematics is the branch of biology concerned with organizing and naming organisms based on evolutionary relationships.
Q12. Which of the following kingdoms consists of organisms that are multicellular, eukaryotic, and photosynthetic?
a) Animalia
b) Fungi
c) Plantae
d) Protista
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Correct Answer: c) Plantae
Explanation: Kingdom Plantae includes multicellular, eukaryotic organisms capable of photosynthesis, such as plants.
Q13. The taxonomic rank smaller than species is:
a) Variety
b) Class
c) Order
d) Family
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Correct Answer: a) Variety
Explanation: Variety is a taxonomic rank smaller than species, often used to denote minor variations within a species.
Q14. Which kingdom includes organisms characterized by chitinous cell walls and heterotrophic mode of nutrition?
a) Plantae
b) Fungi
c) Animalia
d) Protista
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Correct Answer: b) Fungi
Explanation: Kingdom Fungi comprises organisms with chitinous cell walls and obtain nutrition heterotrophically.
Q15. The grouping of organisms based on overall similarity regardless of their evolutionary relationship is known as:
a) Cladistics
b) Phenetics
c) Phylogenetics
d) Taxonomy
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Correct Answer: b) Phenetics
Explanation: Phenetics groups organisms based on overall similarity without considering evolutionary relationships.
Q16. The highest taxonomic rank that includes all forms of life is:
a) Class
b) Order
c) Domain
d) Phylum
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Correct Answer: c) Domain
Explanation: Domain is the highest taxonomic rank and encompasses all forms of life, including Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya.
Q17. Which taxonomic rank is broader than order but narrower than phylum?
a) Family
b) Class
c) Kingdom
d) Genus
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Correct Answer: b) Class
Explanation: Class is broader than order but narrower than phylum in the hierarchical classification system.
Q18. The grouping of organisms based on their shared evolutionary history is known as:
a) Phenetics
b) Taxonomy
c) Cladistics
d) Morphology
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Correct Answer: c) Cladistics
Explanation: Cladistics groups organisms based on shared evolutionary history, focusing on common ancestry.
Q19. The taxonomic rank between kingdom and class is:
a) Order
b) Phylum
c) Division
d) Family
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Correct Answer: c) Division
Explanation: Division is a taxonomic rank between kingdom and class, commonly used in botanical classification.
Q20. Which taxonomic rank is broader than kingdom?
a) Phylum
b) Domain
c) Class
d) Order
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Correct Answer: b) Domain
Explanation: Domain is broader than kingdom, encompassing three major groups of life: Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya.