Q21. Bryophytes are an important component of peatlands. What role do they play in these ecosystems?
a) Primary producers
b) Decomposers
c) Carbon sinks
d) Nitrogen fixers
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Correct Answer: c) Carbon sinks
Explanation: Bryophytes in peatlands act as carbon sinks, accumulating organic matter over time and storing carbon dioxide, which helps mitigate climate change.
Q22. Which Bryophyte type is known for its economic importance in the horticulture industry?
a) Liverworts
b) Mosses
c) Hornworts
d) All of the above
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Correct Answer: b) Mosses
Explanation: Mosses are economically important in horticulture for their use in landscaping, gardening, and as soil amendments due to their ability to retain moisture and nutrients.
Q23. Which Bryophyte type has a sporophyte that is physically attached to the gametophyte?
a) Liverworts
b) Mosses
c) Hornworts
d) All of the above
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Correct Answer: d) All of the above
Explanation: In all Bryophyte types, the sporophyte remains attached to the gametophyte throughout its development, receiving nutrients and support from the gametophyte tissue.
Q24. Bryophytes are non-vascular plants. What does this mean?
a) They lack true roots, stems, and leaves.
b) They have specialized tissues for water transport.
c) They reproduce through seeds.
d) They require water for fertilization.
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Correct Answer: a) They lack true roots, stems, and leaves.
Explanation: Non-vascular plants like Bryophytes lack specialized tissues for water transport, such as xylem and phloem, and instead rely on diffusion for nutrient and water uptake.
Q25. In Bryophytes, what is the function of the protonema?
a) Nutrient absorption
b) Spore dispersal
c) Asexual reproduction
d) Gametophyte development
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Correct Answer: d) Gametophyte development
Explanation: The protonema is a thread-like structure in Bryophytes that develops from a germinated spore and eventually gives rise to the mature gametophyte plant.
Q26. Which Bryophyte type is characterized by its flattened, lobed thallus?
a) Liverworts
b) Mosses
c) Hornworts
d) All of the above
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Correct Answer: a) Liverworts
Explanation: Liverworts have a flattened, lobed thallus, which is one of the distinctive features that differentiate them from other Bryophyte types like mosses and hornworts.
Q27. Bryophytes are often referred to as “amphibians” of the plant kingdom. What does this term signify?
a) They can live both in water and on land.
b) They undergo metamorphosis during their life cycle.
c) They have both sexual and asexual reproduction.
d) They are found in diverse ecosystems.
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Correct Answer: a) They can live both in water and on land.
Explanation: Bryophytes are called “amphibians” of the plant kingdom because they can inhabit both aquatic and terrestrial environments, exhibiting adaptations to thrive in both conditions.
Q28. Which of the following Bryophyte types is most commonly used in traditional medicine?
a) Liverworts
b) Mosses
c) Hornworts
d) All of the above
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Correct Answer: a) Liverworts
Explanation: Liverworts have been used in traditional medicine for their purported medicinal properties, including treatments for liver ailments, hence the name “liverworts.”
Q29. Which Bryophyte type is characterized by its horn-like sporophyte with stomata?
a) Liverworts
b) Mosses
c) Hornworts
d) All of the above
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Correct Answer: c) Hornworts
Explanation: Hornworts have a horn-like sporophyte structure with stomata, which are pores that facilitate gas exchange, similar to vascular plants.
Q30. What is the main function of the gametophyte in Bryophytes?
a) Spore production
b) Nutrient absorption
c) Sexual reproduction
d) Anchorage
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Correct Answer: c) Sexual reproduction
Explanation: The gametophyte in Bryophytes is responsible for sexual reproduction, producing gametes that fuse to form a zygote, which develops into a sporophyte.