Q81. Which medical specialty focuses on the diagnosis and treatment of musculoskeletal disorders and injuries?
a) Orthopaedics
b) Phytoplankton
c) Parasite
d) Poikilothermic
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Correct Answer: a) Orthopaedics
Explanation: Orthopaedics is the medical specialty that focuses on the diagnosis, treatment, and rehabilitation of musculoskeletal disorders and injuries, including fractures, joint problems, and spinal conditions.
Q82. What term refers to microscopic algae that float in aquatic environments and form the basis of the aquatic food chain?
a) Orthopaedics
b) Phytoplankton
c) Parasite
d) Poikilothermic
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Correct Answer: b) Phytoplankton
Explanation: Phytoplankton are microscopic algae that float in aquatic environments and form the basis of the aquatic food chain, producing oxygen and serving as primary producers in marine and freshwater ecosystems.
Q83. What organism lives in or on another organism (the host) and benefits at the host’s expense?
a) Orthopaedics
b) Phytoplankton
c) Parasite
d) Poikilothermic
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Correct Answer: c) Parasite
Explanation: A parasite is an organism that lives in or on another organism (the host) and benefits at the host’s expense, often causing harm or disease to the host.
Q84. What term describes organisms whose body temperature varies with the temperature of their environment?
a) Orthopaedics
b) Phytoplankton
c) Parasite
d) Poikilothermic
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Correct Answer: d) Poikilothermic
Explanation: Poikilothermic organisms, also known as cold-blooded organisms, are those whose body temperature varies with the temperature of their environment, unlike homeothermic organisms, whose body temperature remains relatively constant.
Q85. What term refers to a substance that imparts color to another substance or material?
a) Orthopaedics
b) Phytoplankton
c) Pigment
d) Poikilothermic
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Correct Answer: c) Pigment
Explanation: A pigment is a substance that imparts color to another substance or material through selective absorption and reflection of light wavelengths, commonly found in plants, animals, and manufactured products.
Q86. What scientific discipline involves the study of fossils to understand the history of life on Earth?
a) Orthopaedics
b) Phytoplankton
c) Paleontology
d) Pathology
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Correct Answer: c) Paleontology
Explanation: Paleontology is the scientific discipline that involves the study of fossils to understand the history of life on Earth, including the evolution of organisms, extinction events, and ancient ecosystems.
Q87. Which branch of biology focuses on the study of the functions of living organisms and their parts?
a) Orthopaedics
b) Physiology
c) Pathology
d) Pomology
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Correct Answer: b) Physiology
Explanation: Physiology is the branch of biology that focuses on the study of the functions of living organisms and their parts, including cells, tissues, organs, and organ systems.
Q88. What medical specialty focuses on the study of diseases and their effects on the human body?
a) Orthopaedics
b) Physiology
c) Pathology
d) Pomology
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Correct Answer: c) Pathology
Explanation: Pathology is the medical specialty that focuses on the study of diseases and their effects on the human body, including their causes, mechanisms, and manifestations, aiding in diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment planning.
Q89. What branch of horticulture involves the study and cultivation of fruit-bearing trees and shrubs?
a) Orthopaedics
b) Physiology
c) Pathology
d) Pomology
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Correct Answer: d) Pomology
Explanation: Pomology is the branch of horticulture that involves the study and cultivation of fruit-bearing trees and shrubs, including their cultivation, breeding, and management for optimal fruit production.
Q90. Which medical specialty focuses on the diagnosis and treatment of mental disorders?
a) Orthopaedics
b) Psychiatry
c) Psychology
d) Pomology
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Correct Answer: b) Psychiatry
Explanation: Psychiatry is the medical specialty that focuses on the diagnosis and treatment of mental disorders, including mood disorders, anxiety disorders, psychotic disorders, and substance use disorders.