Q21. Which of the following is a characteristic feature of dicot plants?
a) Parallel venation in leaves
b) Fibrous root system
c) Vascular bundles scattered in stem
d) Taproot system
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Correct Answer: d) Taproot system
Explanation: Dicot plants typically exhibit a taproot system, where the primary root grows vertically downward and gives rise to lateral roots. Monocots usually have a fibrous root system with no dominant main root.
Q22. The transfer of pollen grains from the anther to the stigma of the same flower is called:
a) Self-pollination
b) Cross-pollination
c) Double fertilization
d) Germination
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Correct Answer: a) Self-pollination
Explanation: Self-pollination occurs when pollen grains from the anther of a flower are transferred to the stigma of the same flower or another flower on the same plant. It ensures reproductive success in plants capable of self-fertilization.
Q23. Which of the following is NOT a part of a typical angiosperm seed?
a) Embryo
b) Endosperm
c) Seed coat
d) Sepal
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Correct Answer: d) Sepal
Explanation: Sepals are floral organs found in the outermost whorl of a flower and are not part of a seed. Angiosperm seeds typically consist of an embryo, endosperm, and a seed coat, which protects the embryo.
Q24. The process of seed formation following fertilization in angiosperms is called:
a) Germination
b) Pollination
c) Fertilization
d) Embryogenesis
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Correct Answer: d) Embryogenesis
Explanation: Embryogenesis is the process of embryo development from a fertilized egg cell or zygote in angiosperms. It involves cell division and differentiation, leading to the formation of a new plant embryo within the seed.
Q25. Which of the following is NOT a type of angiosperm based on the number of cotyledons in their seeds?
a) Monocotyledons
b) Dicotyledons
c) Gymnosperms
d) Eudicotyledons
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Correct Answer: c) Gymnosperms
Explanation: Gymnosperms are a separate group of seed-producing plants that do not produce flowers or fruits. They are distinct from angiosperms, which are divided into monocotyledons and dicotyledons based on the number of cotyledons in their seeds.
Q26. The female reproductive structure of a flower, consisting of stigma, style, and ovary, collectively is called:
a) Pistil
b) Stamen
c) Ovule
d) Sepal
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Correct Answer: a) Pistil
Explanation: The pistil is the female reproductive structure of a flower, comprising the stigma, style, and ovary. It plays a crucial role in capturing pollen, facilitating fertilization, and producing seeds within the ovary.
Q27. In angiosperms, the transfer of pollen grains from the anther to the stigma is primarily facilitated by:
a) Wind
b) Water
c) Animals
d) Gravity
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Correct Answer: c) Animals
Explanation: Pollen transfer in angiosperms can be facilitated by various agents, including wind, water, animals (such as insects, birds, or mammals), or even self-pollination. Animal pollination is common in many flowering plants, ensuring efficient fertilization and seed production.
Q28. The vascular tissue responsible for transporting organic nutrients in angiosperms is called:
a) Xylem
b) Phloem
c) Cambium
d) Sieve tubes
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Correct Answer: b) Phloem
Explanation: Phloem is the vascular tissue in angiosperms responsible for transporting organic nutrients, such as sugars, from photosynthetic tissues to other parts of the plant. It consists of sieve tubes, companion cells, phloem fibers, and phloem parenchyma.
Q29. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic feature of gymnosperms?
a) Seeds enclosed within fruits
b) Naked seeds
c) Cones for reproduction
d) Woody stems
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Correct Answer: a) Seeds enclosed within fruits
Explanation: Gymnosperms are seed-producing plants characterized by naked seeds, typically borne on the surface of cones or similar structures. Unlike angiosperms, gymnosperms do not produce flowers or fruits.
Q30. The structure within a seed that provides nourishment to the developing embryo is called:
a) Endosperm
b) Seed coat
c) Cotyledon
d) Embryo sac
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Correct Answer: a) Endosperm
Explanation: The endosperm is a tissue within a seed that provides nourishment to the developing embryo during germination. It contains stored nutrients, such as starch, proteins, and oils, which are utilized by the embryo for growth and development.