MCQ on Characteristics of Indian Economy
Q1. Which of the following crops is the largest produced in India?
a) Rice
b) Wheat
c) Sugarcane
d) Cotton
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Correct Answer: a) Rice
Explanation: Rice is the largest produced crop in India, with a suitable climate and fertile soil for rice cultivation in various parts of the country. It is a staple food for a significant portion of the Indian population and contributes to the country’s food security.
Q2. Which of the following is the main source of irrigation in India?
a) Canals
b) Wells and tube wells
c) Tanks
d) Rainwater harvesting
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Correct Answer: b) Wells and tube wells
Explanation: Wells and tube wells are the main source of irrigation in India, providing water for agricultural activities in various regions. They are particularly important in areas where surface water resources are limited or unreliable.
Q3. Which of the following is a major challenge faced by the Indian agriculture sector?
a) High productivity
b) Low productivity
c) High mechanization
d) High commercialization
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Correct Answer: b) Low productivity
Explanation: A major challenge faced by the Indian agriculture sector is low productivity. Factors such as small and fragmented landholdings, inadequate irrigation facilities, and limited access to modern technology and inputs contribute to low agricultural productivity.
Q4. Which of the following is a major government initiative aimed at increasing agricultural productivity in India?
a) Pradhan Mantri Krishi Sinchayee Yojana (PMKSY)
b) Pradhan Mantri Jan Dhan Yojana (PMJDY)
c) Make in India
d) Skill India
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Correct Answer: a) Pradhan Mantri Krishi Sinchayee Yojana (PMKSY)
Explanation: The Pradhan Mantri Krishi Sinchayee Yojana (PMKSY) is a major government initiative aimed at increasing agricultural productivity in India. The program focuses on enhancing water use efficiency and promoting sustainable water management practices in the agriculture sector.
Q5. Which of the following is a major challenge faced by the Indian agriculture sector in terms of land development?
a) High land fragmentation
b) Low land fragmentation
c) High land consolidation
d) Low land consolidation
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Correct Answer: a) High land fragmentation
Explanation: A major challenge faced by the Indian agriculture sector in terms of land development is high land fragmentation. Small and fragmented landholdings limit the scope for mechanization, reduce productivity, and increase the cost of cultivation.
Q6. Which of the following is a major government initiative aimed at promoting land development in India?
a) National Land Records Modernization Programme (NLRMP)
b) Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana (PMAY)
c) Swachh Bharat Abhiyan
d) Digital India
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Correct Answer: a) National Land Records Modernization Programme (NLRMP)
Explanation: The National Land Records Modernization Programme (NLRMP) is a major government initiative aimed at promoting land development in India. The program focuses on modernizing land records, improving land administration, and promoting transparency in land transactions.
Q7. Which of the following is a major challenge faced by the Indian agriculture sector in terms of credit availability?
a) High institutional credit
b) Low institutional credit
c) High non-institutional credit
d) Low non-institutional credit
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Correct Answer: b) Low institutional credit
Explanation: A major challenge faced by the Indian agriculture sector in terms of credit availability is low institutional credit. Many farmers, particularly small and marginal farmers, lack access to formal credit sources, forcing them to rely on informal sources of credit, often at high interest rates.
Q8. Which of the following is a major government initiative aimed at increasing credit availability for the agriculture sector in India?
a) Kisan Credit Card (KCC) Scheme
b) Pradhan Mantri Mudra Yojana (PMMY)
c) Atal Pension Yojana (APY)
d) National Health Protection Scheme (NHPS)
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Correct Answer: a) Kisan Credit Card (KCC) Scheme
Explanation: The Kisan Credit Card (KCC) Scheme is a major government initiative aimed at increasing credit availability for the agriculture sector in India. The scheme provides farmers with easy access to credit for their agricultural and allied activities, helping them meet their short-term and long-term financial needs.
Q9. Which of the following is a major challenge faced by the Indian agriculture sector in terms of marketing?
a) High market integration
b) Low market integration
c) High market competition
d) Low market competition
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Correct Answer: b) Low market integration
Explanation: A major challenge faced by the Indian agriculture sector in terms of marketing is low market integration. Fragmented and inefficient agricultural markets limit the scope for farmers to get remunerative prices for their produce and increase the role of intermediaries in the marketing process.
Q10. Which of the following is a major government initiative aimed at improving agricultural marketing in India?
a) Electronic National Agriculture Market (e-NAM)
b) Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana (PMFBY)
c) National Food Security Mission (NFSM)
d) Rashtriya Krishi Vikas Yojana (RKVY)
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Correct Answer: a) Electronic National Agriculture Market (e-NAM)
Explanation: The Electronic National Agriculture Market (e-NAM) is a major government initiative aimed at improving agricultural marketing in India. The platform aims to create a unified national market for agricultural commodities, allowing farmers to sell their produce online and get better prices.
Q11. Which of the following is a major challenge faced by the Indian agriculture sector in terms of storage and warehousing?
a) High storage capacity
b) Low storage capacity
c) High warehousing capacity
d) Low warehousing capacity
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Correct Answer: b) Low storage capacity
Explanation: A major challenge faced by the Indian agriculture sector in terms of storage and warehousing is low storage capacity. Inadequate storage facilities lead to post-harvest losses and limit the scope for farmers to store their produce and sell it at better prices.
Q12. Which of the following is a major government initiative aimed at improving storage and warehousing facilities for the agriculture sector in India?
a) Warehousing Development and Regulatory Authority (WDRA)
b) National Horticulture Mission (NHM)
c) National Mission on Sustainable Agriculture (NMSA)
d) National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (NREGA)
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Correct Answer: a) Warehousing Development and Regulatory Authority (WDRA)
Explanation: The Warehousing Development and Regulatory Authority (WDRA) is a major government initiative aimed at improving storage and warehousing facilities for the agriculture sector in India. The authority is responsible for the regulation and development of warehouses, ensuring their quality and efficiency.
Q13. Which of the following is a major challenge faced by the Indian agriculture sector in terms of research and development?
a) High investment in research and development
b) Low investment in research and development
c) High adoption of new technologies
d) Low adoption of new technologies
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Correct Answer: b) Low investment in research and development
Explanation: A major challenge faced by the Indian agriculture sector in terms of research and development is low investment. Limited funding for agricultural research and development hampers the development and dissemination of new technologies, which could improve productivity and sustainability.
Q14. Which of the following is a major government initiative aimed at promoting research and development in the agriculture sector in India?
a) Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR)
b) National Skill Development Corporation (NSDC)
c) National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development (NABARD)
d) Small Industries Development Bank of India (SIDBI)
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Correct Answer: a) Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR)
Explanation: The Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR) is a major government initiative aimed at promoting research and development in the agriculture sector in India. ICAR is responsible for coordinating agricultural research and education, developing new technologies, and disseminating knowledge to farmers.
Q15. Which of the following is a major challenge faced by the Indian agriculture sector in terms of climate change?
a) High resilience to climate change
b) Low resilience to climate change
c) High mitigation of greenhouse gas emissions
d) Low mitigation of greenhouse gas emissions
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Correct Answer: b) Low resilience to climate change
Explanation: A major challenge faced by the Indian agriculture sector in terms of climate change is low resilience. Climate change poses significant risks to agricultural productivity, food security, and rural livelihoods, with extreme weather events and changing rainfall patterns affecting crop yields and quality.
Q16. Which of the following is a major government initiative aimed at addressing the impacts of climate change on the agriculture sector in India?
a) National Action Plan on Climate Change (NAPCC)
b) Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana (PMGSY)
c) Swachh Bharat Abhiyan
d) Atal Mission for Rejuvenation and Urban Transformation (AMRUT)
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Correct Answer: a) National Action Plan on Climate Change (NAPCC)
Explanation: The National Action Plan on Climate Change (NAPCC) is a major government initiative aimed at addressing the impacts of climate change on the agriculture sector in India. The plan includes various missions focused on enhancing agricultural productivity, promoting sustainable water management, and conserving biodiversity, among other objectives.
Q17. Which of the following is a major challenge faced by the Indian agriculture sector in terms of crop diversification?
a) High crop diversification
b) Low crop diversification
c) High dependence on cash crops
d) Low dependence on cash crops
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Correct Answer: b) Low crop diversification
Explanation: A major challenge faced by the Indian agriculture sector in terms of crop diversification is low crop diversification. Many farmers in India continue to rely on a few staple crops, which can make them vulnerable to price fluctuations, pests, and diseases, and limit their income-generating opportunities.
Q18. Which of the following is a major government initiative aimed at promoting crop diversification in India?
a) Rashtriya Krishi Vikas Yojana (RKVY)
b) Pradhan Mantri Ujjwala Yojana (PMUY)
c) National Rural Livelihoods Mission (NRLM)
d) Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Grameen Kaushalya Yojana (DDU-GKY)
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Correct Answer: a) Rashtriya Krishi Vikas Yojana (RKVY)
Explanation: The Rashtriya Krishi Vikas Yojana (RKVY) is a major government initiative aimed at promoting crop diversification in India. The program provides financial assistance to state governments for implementing projects that promote crop diversification, improve productivity, and enhance farmers’ income.
Q19. Which of the following is a major challenge faced by the Indian agriculture sector in terms of value addition?
a) High value addition
b) Low value addition
c) High processing capacity
d) Low processing capacity
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Correct Answer: b) Low value addition
Explanation: A major challenge faced by the Indian agriculture sector in terms of value addition is low value addition. Limited processing and value addition activities in the agriculture sector result in lower returns for farmers and higher post-harvest losses.
Q20. Which of the following is a major government initiative aimed at promoting value addition in the agriculture sector in India?
a) Mega Food Parks Scheme
b) Pradhan Mantri Kaushal Vikas Yojana (PMKVY)
c) National Urban Livelihoods Mission (NULM)
d) Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana (PMAY)
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Correct Answer: a) Mega Food Parks Scheme
Explanation: The Mega Food Parks Scheme is a major government initiative aimed at promoting value addition in the agriculture sector in India. The scheme aims to establish a strong food processing industry, create infrastructure for food processing, and provide better prices to farmers by reducing post-harvest losses and increasing value addition.