Q71. The absorption of molybdenum is primarily in the:
a) Liver
b) Stomach
c) Small intestine
d) Large intestine
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Correct Answer: c) Small intestine
Explanation: The absorption of molybdenum occurs primarily in the small intestine. Once absorbed, molybdenum is transported to various tissues of the body, where it serves as a cofactor for essential enzymatic reactions.
Q72. Nickel in the human body is mainly known for its role in:
a) Bone structure
b) Enzyme activation
c) Hormone production
d) Blood clotting
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Correct Answer: b) Enzyme activation
Explanation: Nickel plays a role in the activation of certain enzymes in the human body. It acts as a cofactor for a limited number of enzymes, including those involved in the breakdown of hydrogen peroxide and urea.
Q73. Nickel is known to influence the absorption and metabolism of:
a) Iron
b) Calcium
c) Zinc
d) Magnesium
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Correct Answer: a) Iron
Explanation: Nickel influences the absorption and metabolism of iron. It plays a role in iron metabolism, which is important for various bodily functions, including the formation of red blood cells.
Q74. Nickel plays a role in the stabilization of which type of RNA?
a) Messenger RNA (mRNA)
b) Transfer RNA (tRNA)
c) Ribosomal RNA (rRNA)
d) MicroRNA (miRNA)
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Correct Answer: b) Transfer RNA (tRNA)
Explanation: Nickel plays a role in the stabilization of transfer RNA (tRNA). It helps in maintaining the structure of tRNA molecules, which are essential for protein synthesis in cells.
Q75. Phosphorus in the human body is primarily found in:
a) The brain
b) Muscles
c) Bones and teeth
d) The liver
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Correct Answer: c) Bones and teeth
Explanation: About 85% of the phosphorus in the human body is found in bones and teeth. It’s a major component of hydroxyapatite, the mineralized compound that gives bones and teeth their rigidity and strength.
Q76. Phosphorus deficiency can lead to:
a) Increased bone density
b) Reduced muscle strength
c) Elevated cholesterol levels
d) Hyperactivity
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Correct Answer: b) Reduced muscle strength
Explanation: Phosphorus deficiency can lead to reduced muscle strength. Since phosphorus is involved in the formation of ATP, a lack of it can impair muscle function and energy availability, resulting in weakness and fatigue.
Q77. High levels of phosphorus in the body can be harmful, especially for people with:
a) High blood pressure
b) Liver disease
c) Kidney disease
d) Asthma
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Correct Answer: c) Kidney disease
Explanation: High levels of phosphorus can be particularly harmful for people with kidney disease. The kidneys are responsible for filtering excess phosphorus, and impaired kidney function can lead to an accumulation of phosphorus, possibly causing bone and cardiovascular problems.
Q78. Phosphorus is a part of which major cellular molecule?
a) Cell membranes
b) Ribosomes
c) Mitochondria
d) Nucleic acids
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Correct Answer: d) Nucleic acids
Explanation: Phosphorus is a part of nucleic acids (DNA and RNA), forming the backbone of these molecules. It’s essential for the storage and expression of genetic information.
Q79. In the human body, potassium mainly functions to:
a) Promote bone density
b) Enhance oxygen transport
c) Regulate fluid balance
d) Stimulate hormone secretion
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Correct Answer: c) Regulate fluid balance
Explanation: Potassium plays a key role in regulating fluid balance in the body. It works in conjunction with sodium to maintain normal blood pressure and balance the fluids inside and outside of cells.
Q80. Which food is a rich source of potassium?
a) Red meat
b) White bread
c) Bananas
d) Refined sugars
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Correct Answer: c) Bananas
Explanation: Bananas are well-known for being a rich source of potassium. Other potassium-rich foods include oranges, potatoes, spinach, and beans. These foods help maintain adequate potassium levels in the body.