Q11. What is the average lifespan of solar panels?
a) 10-15 years
b) 20-25 years
c) 30-35 years
d) 40-45 years
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Correct Answer: b) 20-25 years
Explanation: Solar panels typically have a lifespan of 20-25 years, although some may continue to produce electricity at reduced efficiency beyond this timeframe.
Q12. Which component of a solar power system converts direct current (DC) electricity into alternating current (AC) electricity for use in homes and businesses?
a) Inverter
b) Transformer
c) Rectifier
d) Converter
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Correct Answer: a) Inverter
Explanation: An inverter is a critical component of a solar power system that converts the direct current (DC) electricity generated by solar panels into alternating current (AC) electricity suitable for powering household appliances and electronics.
Q13. Which of the following is an advantage of solar energy over fossil fuels?
a) Unlimited supply
b) High energy density
c) Low initial cost
d) Easy transportability
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Correct Answer: a) Unlimited supply
Explanation: Solar energy is derived from the sun, which is expected to continue radiating energy for billions of years, providing an essentially unlimited supply compared to finite fossil fuel reserves.
Q14. What is the term for the phenomenon where solar panels generate electricity at reduced efficiency due to high temperatures?
a) Solar fatigue
b) Thermal degradation
c) Heat soak
d) Temperature coefficient
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Correct Answer: d) Temperature coefficient
Explanation: The temperature coefficient describes the decrease in solar panel efficiency as temperatures rise above standard test conditions, typically around 25 degrees Celsius, leading to reduced electricity output.
Q15. Which layer of a photovoltaic cell absorbs sunlight and generates electrons?
a) N-type layer
b) P-type layer
c) Semiconductor layer
d) Absorption layer
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Correct Answer: d) Absorption layer
Explanation: The absorption layer, typically made of silicon in photovoltaic cells, absorbs sunlight and generates electron-hole pairs, initiating the flow of electricity through the cell.