Q81. What is the primary source of heat for geothermal energy generation?
a) Sun
b) Wind
c) Earth’s core
d) Biomass
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Correct Answer: c) Earth’s core
Explanation: Geothermal energy harnesses heat from the Earth’s core, which radiates outward toward the surface. This heat is continuously produced from radioactive decay and residual heat from the Earth’s formation. Geothermal power plants utilize this natural heat to generate electricity through various technologies.
Q82. Which layer of the Earth contains the highest temperatures utilized for geothermal energy?
a) Crust
b) Mantle
c) Outer core
d) Inner core
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Correct Answer: b) Mantle
Explanation: The mantle, located beneath the Earth’s crust, contains high temperatures that are utilized for geothermal energy. Heat from the mantle contributes to the thermal energy available for geothermal power generation.
Q83. What type of geothermal energy system directly uses hot water or steam from the Earth’s surface?
a) Binary cycle
b) Dry steam
c) Flash steam
d) Enhanced geothermal systems
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Correct Answer: b) Dry steam
Explanation: Dry steam geothermal power plants directly use steam from underground reservoirs to drive turbines and generate electricity. The steam is piped from the geothermal reservoir to the power plant without any additional processing.
Q84. Which country is the largest producer of geothermal energy in the world?
a) Iceland
b) United States
c) New Zealand
d) Philippines
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Correct Answer: b) United States
Explanation: The United States is the largest producer of geothermal energy in the world, with geothermal power plants located in several states, including California, Nevada, and Hawaii.
Q85. What is the main advantage of geothermal energy compared to fossil fuels?
a) Abundance
b) Low cost
c) Renewability
d) High energy density
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Correct Answer: c) Renewability
Explanation: Geothermal energy is renewable because it derives heat from the Earth’s internal heat sources, which are considered practically inexhaustible on human timescales. Unlike fossil fuels, which are finite resources, geothermal energy can be continuously replenished.