Q76. Which biomass feedstock is commonly used to produce biodiesel?
a) Wheat
b) Sugarcane
c) Soybean
d) Switchgrass
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Correct Answer: c) Soybean
Explanation: Soybean oil is a common biomass feedstock used in the production of biodiesel, a renewable fuel that can be blended with diesel or used as a standalone fuel for diesel engines. Soybean biodiesel offers environmental benefits and energy security advantages over petroleum diesel.
Q77. What is the primary advantage of using biomass energy for heating applications?
a) Renewable energy source
b) Low emissions
c) High efficiency
d) Cost-effectiveness
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Correct Answer: d) Cost-effectiveness
Explanation: Biomass energy is often used for heating applications due to its cost-effectiveness compared to fossil fuels such as natural gas or heating oil. Biomass feedstocks such as wood pellets or agricultural residues can be locally sourced, reducing transportation costs and dependence on imported fuels.
Q78. Which type of biomass energy system involves the biological decomposition of organic waste to produce compost?
a) Biodiesel production
b) Anaerobic digestion
c) Gasification
d) Fermentation
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Correct Answer: b) Anaerobic digestion
Explanation: Anaerobic digestion is a biomass energy system that involves the biological decomposition of organic waste in the absence of oxygen, producing methane-rich biogas as a renewable energy source. In addition to biogas production, anaerobic digestion also produces nutrient-rich compost as a byproduct.
Q79. What is the term for the process of converting agricultural residues into biochar for soil improvement?
a) Pyrolysis
b) Gasification
c) Fermentation
d) Hydrolysis
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Correct Answer: a) Pyrolysis
Explanation: Pyrolysis is the thermal decomposition of biomass in the absence of oxygen, resulting in the production of biochar, bio-oil, and syngas. Biochar produced from agricultural residues can be used as a soil amendment to improve soil fertility, water retention, and carbon sequestration.
Q80. Which biomass feedstock is commonly used to produce wood pellets for heating and electricity generation?
a) Corn stalks
b) Sawdust
c) Algae
d) Rice husks
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Correct Answer: b) Sawdust
Explanation: Sawdust is a common biomass feedstock used in the production of wood pellets, a renewable fuel used for heating and electricity generation. Wood pellets are compact, uniform in size, and have high energy density, making them an efficient and environmentally friendly alternative to fossil fuels.