Q31. Which of the following is a byproduct of the petroleum refining process that is used in road construction?
a) Gasoline
b) Asphalt
c) Kerosene
d) Methane
Show Answer
Correct Answer: b) Asphalt
Explanation: Asphalt is a byproduct of the petroleum refining process that is used in road construction and roofing due to its durability and waterproofing properties.
Q32. What is the main advantage of using compressed natural gas (CNG) as a vehicle fuel?
a) It is more expensive than gasoline
b) It has a higher greenhouse gas emission
c) It is cleaner-burning and produces fewer emissions
d) It requires more frequent refueling
Show Answer
Correct Answer: c) It is cleaner-burning and produces fewer emissions
Explanation: Compressed natural gas (CNG) is considered a cleaner-burning alternative to gasoline and diesel as a vehicle fuel because it produces fewer undesirable gases and particulates upon combustion.
Q33. Which of the following is not a typical property of synthetic motor oils compared to conventional motor oils?
a) Longer oil change intervals
b) Better performance in extreme temperatures
c) Higher ash content
d) Improved fuel efficiency
Show Answer
Correct Answer: c) Higher ash content
Explanation: Synthetic motor oils typically have lower ash content compared to conventional motor oils. They offer better performance in extreme temperatures, longer oil change intervals, and improved fuel efficiency.
Q34. What is the primary use of kerosene in households?
a) As a cooking fuel
b) As a refrigerant
c) As a cleaning agent
d) As a decorative item
Show Answer
Correct Answer: a) As a cooking fuel
Explanation: Kerosene is commonly used as a cooking fuel in households, particularly in developing countries where it is used in kerosene stoves for its affordability and availability.
Q35. Which of the following is a potential environmental benefit of using biofuels?
a) Increased use of agricultural land
b) Reduction in greenhouse gas emissions
c) Higher levels of water pollution
d) Increased deforestation
Show Answer
Correct Answer: b) Reduction in greenhouse gas emissions
Explanation: Biofuels have the potential to reduce greenhouse gas emissions when compared to fossil fuels, as the carbon dioxide released during combustion is offset by the carbon dioxide absorbed by the plants used to produce the biofuels.
Q36. What is the primary disadvantage of using coal as an energy source?
a) It is a renewable resource
b) It is the cleanest fossil fuel
c) It produces a large amount of carbon dioxide
d) It has a very high energy content
Show Answer
Correct Answer: c) It produces a large amount of carbon dioxide
Explanation: The primary disadvantage of using coal as an energy source is that it produces a large amount of carbon dioxide when burned, contributing significantly to greenhouse gas emissions and air pollution.
Q37. Which of the following is a common use for propane?
a) As a refrigerant in air conditioning systems
b) As a fuel for central heating systems
c) As a fuel for aircraft
d) As a lubricant in machinery
Show Answer
Correct Answer: b) As a fuel for central heating systems
Explanation: Propane is commonly used as a fuel for central heating systems, barbecues, and portable stoves due to its clean-burning properties and portability when compressed into liquid form.
Q38. What is the primary environmental concern with the use of heavy fuel oils in shipping?
a) They increase the efficiency of ships
b) They contribute to the spread of invasive species
c) They release high levels of sulfur and nitrogen oxides
d) They reduce the risk of oil spills
Show Answer
Correct Answer: c) They release high levels of sulfur and nitrogen oxides
Explanation: Heavy fuel oils used in shipping release high levels of sulfur and nitrogen oxides when burned, contributing to air pollution and posing health risks to humans and the environment.
Q39. Which of the following is not a direct use of crude oil?
a) Fueling vehicles
b) Manufacturing plastics
c) Generating electricity
d) As a raw material in its unrefined state
Show Answer
Correct Answer: d) As a raw material in its unrefined state
Explanation: Crude oil is not used directly in its unrefined state. It must first be processed and refined into various products such as gasoline, diesel, and petrochemicals for direct use.
Q40. What is the main purpose of the fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) process in a refinery?
a) To remove impurities from crude oil
b) To convert heavy hydrocarbons into lighter ones
c) To increase the sulfur content of the fuel
d) To solidify liquid hydrocarbons
Show Answer
Correct Answer: b) To convert heavy hydrocarbons into lighter ones
Explanation: The fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) process in a refinery is used to convert heavy hydrocarbons into lighter, more valuable ones such as gasoline and diesel by using a catalyst to facilitate the cracking reaction.