Q31. The organ used by fish for extracting oxygen from water is the
a) Lung
b) Gizzard
c) Gill
d) Bladder
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Correct Answer: c) Gill
Explanation: Gills are the respiratory organs in fish, used for extracting oxygen from water. They have thin filaments that provide a large surface area for the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide directly with the surrounding water.
Q32. What type of diet do omnivorous animals have?
a) Only plants
b) Only meat
c) Both plants and animals
d) Only fish
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Correct Answer: c) Both plants and animals
Explanation: Omnivorous animals have a diet that includes both plant and animal matter. This diverse diet allows them to be adaptable in different environments and benefit from a wide range of nutritional sources.
Q33. Which term describes a bird’s diet that primarily consists of grains and seeds?
a) Carnivorous
b) Granivorous
c) Insectivorous
d) Herbivorous
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Correct Answer: b) Granivorous
Explanation: Granivorous birds primarily feed on grains and seeds. Their digestive systems and beaks are specially adapted to handle this type of diet, which includes various seeds, grains, and similar plant materials.
Q34. In ruminants, the ‘true stomach’ where the principal digestive enzymes are secreted is the
a) Rumen
b) Reticulum
c) Omasum
d) Abomasum
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Correct Answer: d) Abomasum
Explanation: The abomasum, often referred to as the ‘true stomach’ in ruminants, is where the principal digestive enzymes are secreted. It functions similarly to the monogastric stomach, producing enzymes that significantly aid in the digestion of food.
Q35. What is the main function of canine teeth in carnivorous animals?
a) Grinding plant material
b) Tearing flesh
c) Chewing tough food
d) Holding prey
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Correct Answer: b) Tearing flesh
Explanation: In carnivorous animals, canine teeth are primarily used for tearing flesh. These teeth are long, sharp, and pointed, making them effective for gripping, tearing, and shredding meat.
Q36. An animal that derives its nutrition by living inside and feeding off another organism is known as a
a) Parasite
b) Predator
c) Decomposer
d) Scavenger
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Correct Answer: a) Parasite
Explanation: A parasite is an organism that lives on or inside another organism (the host) and benefits by deriving nutrients at the host’s expense. Parasites may cause harm to the host, varying from mild discomfort to serious diseases.
Q37. What is the process where some animals eat their feces to obtain additional nutrients?
a) Coprophagy
b) Cannibalism
c) Scavenging
d) Predation
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Correct Answer: a) Coprophagy
Explanation: Coprophagy is the process where some animals eat their feces to obtain additional nutrients that were not absorbed during the first passage through the gut. This behavior is observed in various animals, including rabbits and rodents.
Q38. Which animals have a specialized tongue adapted for feeding on nectar?
a) Carnivores
b) Herbivores
c) Insectivores
d) Nectarivores
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Correct Answer: d) Nectarivores
Explanation: Nectarivores, such as hummingbirds and certain bats, have specialized tongues adapted for feeding on nectar. These tongues are often long and can be extended to reach deep into flowers.
Q39. The main site of fermentation in the digestive system of a horse is the
a) Stomach
b) Small intestine
c) Cecum
d) Large intestine
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Correct Answer: c) Cecum
Explanation: In horses, the cecum is the main site of fermentation in the digestive system. The cecum contains a large population of microorganisms that help break down fibrous plant materials, a significant part of the horse’s diet.