Q21. What is the main cause of peptic ulcers?
a) Prolonged stress
b) Consumption of spicy food
c) A bacterium called Helicobacter pylori
d) Excessive alcohol consumption
Show Answer
Correct Answer: c) A bacterium called Helicobacter pylori
Explanation: While stress and diet choices may aggravate peptic ulcers, the most common cause is a bacterium called Helicobacter pylori. Another significant cause is the long-term use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs).
Q22. Which disease is characterized by the degeneration of motor neurons?
a) Multiple sclerosis
b) Parkinson’s disease
c) Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)
d) Alzheimer’s disease
Show Answer
Correct Answer: c) Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)
Explanation: Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), also known as Lou Gehrig’s disease, is characterized by the degeneration and death of motor neurons. This leads to muscle weakness and atrophy throughout the body as the brain loses its ability to initiate and control voluntary movements.
Q23. Chickenpox is caused by which virus?
a) Human papillomavirus (HPV)
b) Varicella-zoster virus
c) Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)
d) Hepatitis B virus
Show Answer
Correct Answer: b) Varicella-zoster virus
Explanation: Chickenpox is caused by the varicella-zoster virus (VZV). It’s highly contagious and is characterized by itchy red blisters that appear all over the body. A vaccine can prevent chickenpox.
Q24. Which of the following is a neurological disorder?
a) Arthritis
b) Asthma
c) Epilepsy
d) Diabetes
Show Answer
Correct Answer: c) Epilepsy
Explanation: Epilepsy is a central nervous system (neurological) disorder in which brain activity becomes abnormal, causing seizures or periods of unusual behavior, sensations, and sometimes loss of awareness.
Q25. Hemophilia is a disorder related to:
a) Blood clotting
b) Bone density
c) Muscular strength
d) Nerve function
Show Answer
Correct Answer: a) Blood clotting
Explanation: Hemophilia is a rare disorder in which your blood doesn’t clot normally because it lacks sufficient blood-clotting proteins (clotting factors). This can cause excessive bleeding, which can be life-threatening.
Q26. Polio mainly affects which part of the body?
a) Lungs
b) Liver
c) Muscles
d) Bones
Show Answer
Correct Answer: c) Muscles
Explanation: Polio, or poliomyelitis, is a disabling and life-threatening disease caused by the poliovirus. The virus spreads from person to person and can infect a person’s spinal cord, causing paralysis (can’t move parts of the body).
Q27. What causes the infectious disease, cholera?
a) A virus
b) A bacteria
c) A fungus
d) A parasite
Show Answer
Correct Answer: b) A bacteria
Explanation: Cholera is an infectious disease that causes severe watery diarrhea, which can lead to dehydration and even death if untreated. It is caused by eating food or drinking water contaminated with a bacterium called Vibrio cholerae.
Q28. Glaucoma primarily affects:
a) The ears
b) The lungs
c) The eyes
d) The skin
Show Answer
Correct Answer: c) The eyes
Explanation: Glaucoma is a group of eye conditions that damage the optic nerve, the health of which is vital for good vision. This damage is often caused by an abnormally high pressure in your eye and can lead to blindness if not treated.
Q29. The main symptom of GERD (Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease) is:
a) Severe headache
b) Frequent nosebleeds
c) Heartburn
d) Joint pain
Show Answer
Correct Answer: c) Heartburn
Explanation: GERD, or Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease, is a chronic digestive disorder. Its main symptom is frequent and severe heartburn. GERD occurs when stomach acid frequently flows back into the tube connecting your mouth and stomach (esophagus).
Q30. Which is not a symptom of dehydration?
a) Dry mouth
b) Excessive sweating
c) Dizziness
d) Dark urine
Show Answer
Correct Answer: b) Excessive sweating
Explanation: Dehydration occurs when you use or lose more fluid than you take in, and your body doesn’t have enough water and other fluids to carry out its normal functions. Symptoms include dry mouth, dizziness, and dark urine. Excessive sweating is a cause, not a symptom, of dehydration.