Q11. What hormone is released by the posterior pituitary gland?
A) Oxytocin
B) Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
C) Both A and B
D) None of the above
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C) Both A and B
Explanation: The posterior pituitary gland releases both oxytocin and antidiuretic hormone (ADH), which have roles in labor and water balance, respectively.
Q12. Which hormone is primarily responsible for the regulation of the menstrual cycle in females?
A) Estrogen
B) Progesterone
C) Luteinizing hormone
D) All of the above
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D) All of the above
Explanation: Estrogen, progesterone, and luteinizing hormone all play significant roles in regulating the menstrual cycle.
Q13. What hormone does the adrenal cortex produce that helps regulate metabolism and immune response?
A) Cortisol
B) Adrenaline
C) Aldosterone
D) None of the above
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A) Cortisol
Explanation: Cortisol, produced by the adrenal cortex, helps regulate metabolism, reduce inflammation, and assist with memory formulation.
Q14. Which hormone is involved in increasing blood calcium levels?
A) Calcitonin
B) Parathyroid hormone
C) Insulin
D) Glucagon
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B) Parathyroid hormone
Explanation: Parathyroid hormone (PTH), produced by the parathyroid glands, increases blood calcium levels by stimulating calcium release from bones and increasing calcium absorption from the diet.
Q15. Which hormone is produced by the hypothalamus and regulates hunger?
A) Ghrelin
B) Leptin
C) Insulin
D) Thyroxine
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A) Ghrelin
Explanation: Ghrelin, often termed the ‘hunger hormone’, is produced in the stomach and hypothalamus and plays a key role in regulating appetite.
Q16. What hormone is responsible for lowering blood sugar levels?
A) Insulin
B) Glucagon
C) Cortisol
D) Epinephrine
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A) Insulin
Explanation: Insulin, produced by the beta cells of the pancreas, is essential for lowering blood sugar levels by facilitating the uptake of glucose into cells.
Q17. Which hormone stimulates the thyroid gland to produce thyroid hormones?
A) Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)
B) Thyroxine
C) Triiodothyronine
D) Calcitonin
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A) Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)
Explanation: Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), produced by the anterior pituitary gland, stimulates the thyroid gland to produce thyroid hormones.
Q18. What hormone is involved in the body’s response to stress?
A) Adrenaline
B) Cortisol
C) Both A and B
D) None of the above
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C) Both A and B
Explanation: Both adrenaline and cortisol are involved in the body’s response to stress, with adrenaline providing immediate energy and cortisol providing longer-term modulation of stress.
Q19. Which hormone is essential for bone growth and density?
A) Growth hormone
B) Thyroxine
C) Estrogen
D) Testosterone
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A) Growth hormone
Explanation: Growth hormone, produced by the pituitary gland, is crucial for normal growth, development, and maintenance of bones.
Q20. What hormone does the pineal gland produce that affects sleep?
A) Melatonin
B) Serotonin
C) Dopamine
D) Norepinephrine
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A) Melatonin
Explanation: Melatonin, produced by the pineal gland, plays a key role in regulating sleep patterns.