Q1. What hormone is primarily responsible for regulating metabolism?
A) Insulin
B) Adrenaline
C) Thyroxine
D) Cortisol
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Correct Answer: C) Thyroxine
Explanation: Thyroxine, produced by the thyroid gland, plays a crucial role in regulating metabolism by increasing the metabolic rate of almost every tissue in the body.
Q2. Which hormone helps regulate the amount of glucose in the blood?
A) Insulin
B) Glucagon
C) Both A and B
D) None of the above
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Correct Answer: C) Both A and B
Explanation: Insulin and glucagon work together to maintain blood glucose levels. Insulin lowers blood glucose levels, while glucagon raises them.
Q3. Which gland is known as the ‘master gland’?
A) Thyroid
B) Adrenal
C) Pituitary
D) Pancreas
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Correct Answer: C) Pituitary
Explanation: The pituitary gland is referred to as the ‘master gland’ because it produces hormones that control other glands and many functions in the body, including growth.
Q4. What hormone is responsible for the ‘fight-or-flight’ response?
A) Cortisol
B) Adrenaline
C) Oxytocin
D) Insulin
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Correct Answer: B) Adrenaline
Explanation: Adrenaline, also known as epinephrine, is produced by the adrenal glands and is responsible for the ‘fight-or-flight’ response during stressful situations.
Q5. Which hormone is involved in lowering blood calcium levels?
A) Parathyroid hormone
B) Calcitonin
C) Thyroxine
D) Insulin
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Correct Answer: B) Calcitonin
Explanation: Calcitonin, produced by the thyroid gland, helps to regulate calcium levels in the blood by lowering them.
Q6. Which hormone stimulates the development of male secondary sexual characteristics?
A) Estrogen
B) Progesterone
C) Testosterone
D) Oxytocin
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Correct Answer: C) Testosterone
Explanation: Testosterone is responsible for the development of male secondary sexual characteristics, such as facial hair and a deeper voice.
Q7. What hormone is produced by the pancreas to raise blood glucose levels?
A) Insulin
B) Glucagon
C) Cortisol
D) Adrenaline
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Correct Answer: B) Glucagon
Explanation: Glucagon, produced by the alpha cells of the pancreas, raises blood glucose levels by promoting the conversion of stored glycogen to glucose in the liver.
Q8. Which hormone is essential for pregnancy maintenance?
A) Estrogen
B) Progesterone
C) Luteinizing hormone
D) Follicle-stimulating hormone
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Correct Answer: B) Progesterone
Explanation: Progesterone plays a crucial role in maintaining pregnancy by preparing the body for conception and regulating the condition of the uterine lining.
Q9. What hormone does the thyroid gland produce that helps regulate metabolism?
A) Thyroxine
B) Triiodothyronine
C) Both A and B
D) None of the above
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Correct Answer: C) Both A and B
Explanation: The thyroid gland produces both thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3), which help regulate the body’s metabolism.
Q10. Which hormone is known for its role in the sleep-wake cycle?
A) Melatonin
B) Serotonin
C) Dopamine
D) Adrenaline
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Correct Answer: A) Melatonin
Explanation: Melatonin, produced by the pineal gland, is crucial in regulating the sleep-wake cycle, influencing sleep patterns.