Q41. Which bones are part of the axial skeleton?
A) Arms and legs
B) Skull, spine, and rib cage
C) Pelvis and shoulders
D) Hands and feet
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Correct Answer: B) Skull, spine, and rib cage
Explanation: The axial skeleton includes the skull, spine (vertebral column), and rib cage, which support the central axis of the body.
Q42. What type of bone is the humerus?
A) Long bone
B) Short bone
C) Flat bone
D) Irregular bone
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Correct Answer: A) Long bone
Explanation: The humerus is classified as a long bone, located in the upper arm between the shoulder and the elbow.
Q43. What is osteoporosis primarily characterized by?
A) Increased bone density
B) Decreased bone density
C) Bone elongation
D) Bone discoloration
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Correct Answer: B) Decreased bone density
Explanation: Osteoporosis is characterized by decreased bone density, which leads to fragile bones and an increased risk of fractures.
Q44. Which vitamin is crucial for bone health and the absorption of calcium?
A) Vitamin A
B) Vitamin B12
C) Vitamin C
D) Vitamin D
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Correct Answer: D) Vitamin D
Explanation: Vitamin D is crucial for bone health as it helps the body absorb calcium, which is essential for the formation and maintenance of healthy bones.
Q45. What is the primary function of the periosteum?
A) To provide a smooth surface for joint movement
B) To serve as a storage area for calcium
C) To cover and protect bones
D) To produce red blood cells
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Correct Answer: C) To cover and protect bones
Explanation: The periosteum is a dense layer of vascular connective tissue enveloping the bones except at the surfaces of the joints. Its primary function is to cover and protect the bones.
Q46. What type of joint allows for a wide range of movement in all directions?
A) Hinge joint
B) Pivot joint
C) Ball and socket joint
D) Saddle joint
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Correct Answer: C) Ball and socket joint
Explanation: Ball and socket joints, such as the hip and shoulder joints, allow for movement in multiple directions, including rotation.
Q47. Which condition is characterized by inflammation of the joints?
A) Osteoporosis
B) Arthritis
C) Bursitis
D) Tendonitis
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Correct Answer: B) Arthritis
Explanation: Arthritis is a condition that involves inflammation of one or more joints, causing pain and stiffness that can worsen with age.
Q48. Where is the tibia located?
A) Arm
B) Leg
C) Hand
D) Foot
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Correct Answer: B) Leg
Explanation: The tibia, also known as the shinbone, is located in the lower leg between the knee and the ankle.
Q49. What is the function of cartilage in joints?
A) To connect muscles to bones
B) To produce blood cells
C) To reduce friction and absorb shock
D) To store calcium
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Correct Answer: C) To reduce friction and absorb shock
Explanation: Cartilage in joints acts as a cushion, reducing friction between bones and absorbing shock from movements like walking or jumping.
Q50. Which bone is known as the collarbone?
A) Scapula
B) Clavicle
C) Sternum
D) Humerus
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Correct Answer: B) Clavicle
Explanation: The clavicle, commonly known as the collarbone, is a long bone that serves as a strut between the shoulder blade and the sternum or breastbone.