Q21. Who was the first Provisional President of the Republic of China?
a) Chiang Kai-shek
b) Mao Zedong
c) Dr. Sun Yat-sen
d) Yuan Shikai
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Correct Answer: c) Dr. Sun Yat-sen
Explanation: Dr. Sun Yat-sen was the first Provisional President of the Republic of China, serving from January 1, 1912, to March 10, 1912. He played a key role in the overthrow of the Qing Dynasty and the establishment of the Republic of China.
Q22. Which city was the first to be attacked with an atomic bomb?
a) Nagasaki, Japan
b) Hiroshima, Japan
c) Dresden, Germany
d) Tokyo, Japan
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Correct Answer: b) Hiroshima, Japan
Explanation: Hiroshima, Japan, was the first city to be attacked with an atomic bomb. The United States dropped the bomb, nicknamed “Little Boy,” on Hiroshima on August 6, 1945, during World War II.
Q23. Which country launched the first radio telescope satellite into space?
a) United States of America
b) Soviet Union (Russia)
c) Japan
d) France
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Correct Answer: c) Japan
Explanation: Japan launched the first radio telescope satellite, named HALCA (Highly Advanced Laboratory for Communications and Astronomy), into space on February 12, 1997.
Q24. Who was the first Russian (Soviet) Prime Minister to visit India?
a) Nikita Khrushchev
b) V.I. Bulganin
c) Leonid Brezhnev
d) Alexei Kosygin
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Correct Answer: b) V.I. Bulganin
Explanation: V.I. Bulganin was the first Russian (Soviet) Prime Minister to visit India. He visited India in 1955, accompanied by Soviet leader Nikita Khrushchev.
Q25. Which university is considered the first university in the world?
a) Nalanda University
b) University of Bologna
c) University of Paris
d) Takshashila/Taxila University
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Correct Answer: d) Takshashila/Taxila University
Explanation: Takshashila (also known as Taxila) University, located in present-day Pakistan, is considered the first university in the world. It was established around 800 BC and was an important center of learning in ancient India.
Q26. Who was the first man to set foot on the Moon?
a) Buzz Aldrin
b) Neil Armstrong
c) Michael Collins
d) John Glenn
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Correct Answer: b) Neil Armstrong
Explanation: Neil Armstrong, an American astronaut, was the first man to set foot on the Moon. He did so on July 20, 1969, during the Apollo 11 mission.
Q27. Who was the first man to go into space?
a) Alan Shepard
b) John Glenn
c) Neil Armstrong
d) Major Yuri Alekseyevich Gagarin
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Correct Answer: d) Major Yuri Alekseyevich Gagarin
Explanation: Major Yuri Alekseyevich Gagarin, a Soviet cosmonaut, was the first man to go into space. He completed an orbit of the Earth on April 12, 1961, aboard the Vostok 1 spacecraft.
Q28. Which space shuttle was the first to be launched?
a) Challenger
b) Discovery
c) Atlantis
d) Columbia
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Correct Answer: d) Columbia
Explanation: Columbia was the first space shuttle to be launched. It took off on April 12, 1981, marking the beginning of the Space Shuttle program.
Q29. Which space probe was the first to land on Mars?
a) Viking 1
b) Viking 2
c) Mars Pathfinder
d) Mars Exploration Rover
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Correct Answer: a) Viking 1
Explanation: Viking 1 was the first space probe to land on Mars. It touched down on the Martian surface on July 20, 1976.
Q30. Who was the first woman Prime Minister of the United Kingdom?
a) Margaret Thatcher
b) Theresa May
c) Angela Merkel
d) Indira Gandhi
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Correct Answer: a) Margaret Thatcher
Explanation: Margaret Thatcher was the first woman Prime Minister of the United Kingdom. She served as Prime Minister from 1979 to 1990 and was the leader of the Conservative Party.