Q1. Which act was enacted in India in response to the Bhopal Gas Tragedy?
a) The Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1981
b) The Environment (Protection) Act, 1986
c) The Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974
d) The Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972
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Correct Answer: b) The Environment (Protection) Act, 1986
Explanation: The Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 was enacted in the wake of the Bhopal Gas Tragedy to provide for the protection and improvement of the environment and for matters connected therewith.
Q2. What is the primary objective of the Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972?
a) To regulate air pollution
b) To protect wild animals, birds, and plants
c) To manage hazardous waste
d) To control water pollution
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Correct Answer: b) To protect wild animals, birds, and plants
Explanation: The Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972 aims to protect wild animals, birds, and plants and to ensure the ecological and environmental security of India.
Q3. Under which act was the Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) established?
a) The Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1981
b) The Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974
c) The Environment (Protection) Act, 1986
d) The Forest (Conservation) Act, 1980
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Correct Answer: b) The Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974
Explanation: The Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) was established under the Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974 to promote cleanliness of streams and wells in different areas of the States.
Q4. Which act provides for the establishment of the National Green Tribunal (NGT)?
a) The Environment (Protection) Act, 1986
b) The National Green Tribunal Act, 2010
c) The Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1981
d) The Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974
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Correct Answer: b) The National Green Tribunal Act, 2010
Explanation: The National Green Tribunal Act, 2010 was enacted to provide for the establishment of the National Green Tribunal for the expeditious disposal of cases relating to environmental protection and conservation of forests and other natural resources.
Q5. What is the main purpose of the Forest (Conservation) Act, 1980?
a) To regulate air pollution
b) To conserve forests and prevent deforestation
c) To manage hazardous waste
d) To control water pollution
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Correct Answer: b) To conserve forests and prevent deforestation
Explanation: The Forest (Conservation) Act, 1980 aims to conserve forests and prevent deforestation by regulating the diversion of forest land for non-forest purposes.
Q6. Which act was enacted to regulate the management and handling of hazardous waste in India?
a) The Environment (Protection) Act, 1986
b) The Hazardous and Other Wastes (Management and Trans-boundary Movement) Rules, 2016
c) The Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1981
d) The Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974
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Correct Answer: b) The Hazardous and Other Wastes (Management and Trans-boundary Movement) Rules, 2016
Explanation: The Hazardous and Other Wastes (Management and Trans-boundary Movement) Rules, 2016 were enacted to regulate the management and handling of hazardous waste in India.
Q7. Which article of the Indian Constitution directs the State to protect and improve the environment?
a) Article 21
b) Article 48A
c) Article 51A
d) Article 253
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Correct Answer: b) Article 48A
Explanation: Article 48A of the Indian Constitution directs the State to protect and improve the environment and to safeguard the forests and wildlife of the country.
Q8. What is the main objective of the Biological Diversity Act, 2002?
a) To regulate air pollution
b) To conserve biological diversity and ensure sustainable use of its components
c) To manage hazardous waste
d) To control water pollution
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Correct Answer: b) To conserve biological diversity and ensure sustainable use of its components
Explanation: The Biological Diversity Act, 2002 aims to conserve biological diversity, ensure sustainable use of its components, and promote fair and equitable sharing of benefits arising from the use of biological resources.
Q9. Which act provides for the regulation of the production and consumption of ozone-depleting substances?
a) The Environment (Protection) Act, 1986
b) The Ozone Depleting Substances (Regulation and Control) Rules, 2000
c) The Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1981
d) The Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974
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Correct Answer: b) The Ozone Depleting Substances (Regulation and Control) Rules, 2000
Explanation: The Ozone Depleting Substances (Regulation and Control) Rules, 2000 were enacted to regulate the production and consumption of ozone-depleting substances in accordance with the Montreal Protocol.
Q10. Which act was enacted to provide immediate relief to persons affected by accidents while handling hazardous substances?
a) The Environment (Protection) Act, 1986
b) The Public Liability Insurance Act, 1991
c) The Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1981
d) The Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974
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Correct Answer: b) The Public Liability Insurance Act, 1991
Explanation: The Public Liability Insurance Act, 1991 was enacted to provide immediate relief to persons affected by accidents while handling hazardous substances.