Q21. Which is the deepest point in the world’s oceans?
a) Mariana Trench
b) Tonga Trench
c) Philippine Trench
d) Java Trench
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Correct Answer: a) Mariana Trench
Explanation: The Mariana Trench is the deepest point in the world’s oceans, located in the western Pacific Ocean. The Challenger Deep, the deepest part of the Mariana Trench, reaches a depth of approximately 11,034 meters below sea level.
Q22. Which country has the most significant number of marine protected areas (MPAs)?
a) United States
b) Australia
c) Brazil
d) Indonesia
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Correct Answer: b) Australia
Explanation: Australia has the most significant number of marine protected areas (MPAs) in the world. The country’s extensive network of MPAs covers a vast area of its marine environment, including the Great Barrier Reef, one of the most biodiverse marine ecosystems on the planet.
Q23. What is the largest gulf in the world by area?
a) Gulf of Mexico
b) Gulf of Carpentaria
c) Gulf of California
d) Persian Gulf
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Correct Answer: a) Gulf of Mexico
Explanation: The Gulf of Mexico is the largest gulf in the world by area. It is bounded by the United States to the north, Mexico to the west and south, and Cuba to the southeast. The gulf plays a crucial role in the climate, ecology, and economy of the surrounding regions.
Q24. Which sea is the most isolated and remote in the world?
a) Sargasso Sea
b) Red Sea
c) Baltic Sea
d) Black Sea
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Correct Answer: a) Sargasso Sea
Explanation: The Sargasso Sea is the most isolated and remote sea in the world, located in the middle of the North Atlantic Ocean. It is unique because it has no land boundaries and is defined by its ocean currents, particularly the North Atlantic Gyre.
Q25. Which country has the largest area covered by wetlands?
a) Brazil
b) Canada
c) Russia
d) United States
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Correct Answer: b) Canada
Explanation: Canada has the largest area covered by wetlands of any country in the world. These wetlands, including bogs, fens, marshes, and swamps, play a vital role in biodiversity, water purification, and carbon storage, covering a significant portion of the country’s landscape.
Q26. What is the largest bay in the world by area?
a) Bay of Bengal
b) Hudson Bay
c) Bay of Biscay
d) Chesapeake Bay
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Correct Answer: b) Hudson Bay
Explanation: Hudson Bay is the largest bay in the world by area, located in northeastern Canada. It is a shallow, inland sea that is connected to the Atlantic Ocean via the Hudson Strait. Hudson Bay significantly influences the climate and ecology of the surrounding regions.
Q27. Which ocean is the youngest in geological terms?
a) Pacific Ocean
b) Atlantic Ocean
c) Indian Ocean
d) Southern Ocean
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Correct Answer: b) Atlantic Ocean
Explanation: The Atlantic Ocean is the youngest in geological terms, having formed during the Jurassic period approximately 150 million years ago. It continues to expand due to the tectonic activity along the Mid-Atlantic Ridge.
Q28. Which country has the largest barrier reef in the Western Hemisphere?
a) Mexico
b) Belize
c) Honduras
d) United States
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Correct Answer: b) Belize
Explanation: Belize is home to the largest barrier reef in the Western Hemisphere, the Belize Barrier Reef. It is a part of the Mesoamerican Barrier Reef System and is known for its exceptional biodiversity and vibrant marine life.
Q29. Which is the largest archipelagic state in the world by area and population?
a) Philippines
b) Indonesia
c) Japan
d) Fiji
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Correct Answer: b) Indonesia
Explanation: Indonesia is the largest archipelagic state in the world by both area and population. It consists of over 17,000 islands and is home to more than 270 million people, making it the world’s fourth most populous country.
Q30. Which sea is known for having the lowest elevation on Earth?
a) Caspian Sea
b) Dead Sea
c) Red Sea
d) Black Sea
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Correct Answer: b) Dead Sea
Explanation: The Dead Sea is known for having the lowest elevation on Earth, with its surface and shores being over 430 meters below sea level. It is also one of the saltiest bodies of water in the world.