Q31. The taxonomic rank “species” is defined as a group of organisms that:
a) Share similar habitats and ecosystems
b) Have identical genetic makeup
c) Are capable of interbreeding and producing fertile offspring
d) Occupy the same geographic region
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Correct Answer: c) Are capable of interbreeding and producing fertile offspring
Explanation: The taxonomic rank “species” is defined as a group of organisms that are capable of interbreeding and producing fertile offspring under natural conditions. This criterion helps distinguish species from one another and reflects their evolutionary independence.
Q32. Humans are classified into the subphylum Vertebrata due to the presence of:
a) Exoskeleton made of chitin
b) Endoskeleton composed of cartilage
c) Endoskeleton composed of bone
d) Exoskeleton made of calcium carbonate
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Correct Answer: c) Endoskeleton composed of bone
Explanation: Humans are classified into the subphylum Vertebrata within the phylum Chordata due to the presence of an endoskeleton composed of bone. Vertebrates possess a vertebral column, or backbone, made of individual bones (vertebrae), which provides structural support and protects the spinal cord.
Q33. The taxonomic rank “class” is immediately above which of the following ranks?
a) Family
b) Order
c) Phylum
d) Genus
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Correct Answer: a) Family
Explanation: The taxonomic rank “class” is immediately above the rank of family in the hierarchical classification system. Classes group together related orders that share certain fundamental characteristics but are more specific than phyla and broader than families.
Q34. The taxonomic classification of humans places them in the order:
a) Primates
b) Carnivora
c) Rodentia
d) Artiodactyla
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Correct Answer: a) Primates
Explanation: Humans are classified into the order Primates, which includes monkeys, apes, and lemurs, among other groups. Primates share certain characteristics such as forward-facing eyes, grasping hands, and complex social behavior, distinguishing them from other mammalian orders.
Q35. The taxonomic rank “family” is composed of one or more:
a) Orders
b) Genera
c) Classes
d) Phyla
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Correct Answer: b) Genera
Explanation: The taxonomic rank “family” is composed of one or more genera that share certain morphological, genetic, or evolutionary characteristics. Families represent a higher level of classification than genera and typically include groups of related organisms with similar features.
Q36. Humans belong to which of the following kingdoms in the Linnaean classification system?
a) Plantae
b) Fungi
c) Animalia
d) Protista
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Correct Answer: c) Animalia
Explanation: Humans belong to the kingdom Animalia in the Linnaean classification system. This kingdom comprises multicellular, eukaryotic organisms characterized by heterotrophic mode of nutrition, absence of cell walls, and the presence of specialized tissues and organ systems.
Q37. The taxonomic rank “class” is immediately below which of the following ranks?
a) Order
b) Family
c) Phylum
d) Genus
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Correct Answer: c) Phylum
Explanation: The taxonomic rank “class” is immediately below the rank of phylum in the hierarchical classification system. Classes group together organisms that share certain fundamental characteristics but are more specific than phyla, which encompass a broader range of organisms.
Q38. Humans are classified into the subphylum Vertebrata due to the presence of:
a) Bilateral symmetry
b) Radial symmetry
c) A segmented body plan
d) A notochord and a vertebral column
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Correct Answer: d) A notochord and a vertebral column
Explanation: Humans are classified into the subphylum Vertebrata within the phylum Chordata due to the presence of a notochord and a vertebral column. Vertebrates possess a backbone or vertebral column made of individual bones (vertebrae), which provides structural support and protects the spinal cord.
Q39. The taxonomic rank immediately below the domain is:
a) Phylum
b) Kingdom
c) Order
d) Class
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Correct Answer: b) Kingdom
Explanation: The taxonomic rank immediately below the domain is kingdom. Kingdoms represent broad groups of organisms distinguished by fundamental differences in cellular structure, physiology, and evolutionary history. The three domains are Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya.
Q40. The taxonomic rank “genus” is immediately below which of the following ranks?
a) Species
b) Family
c) Order
d) Class
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Correct Answer: b) Family
Explanation: The taxonomic rank “genus” is immediately above the rank of species in the hierarchical classification system. Genera represent groups of closely related species that share a common ancestor and exhibit similar morphological and genetic characteristics.