Q11. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic used to classify humans into the order Primates?
a) Binocular vision
b) Grasping hands with opposable thumbs
c) Bipedal locomotion
d) Presence of fur or hair covering the body
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Correct Answer: d) Presence of fur or hair covering the body
Explanation: Humans and other primates are classified into the order Primates based on several characteristics, including binocular vision, grasping hands with opposable thumbs, and bipedal locomotion. Unlike many other primates, humans have lost most of their body hair and rely on clothing for insulation.
Q12. Which of the following taxonomic ranks is the least inclusive?
a) Family
b) Genus
c) Class
d) Order
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Correct Answer: b) Genus
Explanation: Among the options provided, the taxonomic rank of genus is the least inclusive. A genus includes one or more species that are closely related and share a common evolutionary ancestor. It is narrower than a family but broader than a species.
Q13. The taxonomic classification of humans is primarily based on:
a) Morphological similarities
b) Geographic distribution
c) Behavioral characteristics
d) Genetic analysis
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Correct Answer: a) Morphological similarities
Explanation: The taxonomic classification of humans, as with all organisms, is primarily based on morphological similarities shared with other species. Characteristics such as skeletal structure, anatomical features, and physiological traits are used to determine the evolutionary relationships and classification of humans.
Q14. The scientific name for humans, Homo sapiens, is derived from which language?
a) Greek
b) Latin
c) Sanskrit
d) Arabic
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Correct Answer: b) Latin
Explanation: The scientific name for humans, Homo sapiens, is derived from Latin. “Homo” means “man” or “human” in Latin, while “sapiens” means “wise” or “intelligent.” The binomial nomenclature system, introduced by Carl Linnaeus, uses Latinized names for species to provide a universal language for scientific communication.
Q15. Which of the following is a characteristic feature of the taxonomic rank “family”?
a) It includes organisms that share a common ancestor.
b) It is composed of one or more genera.
c) It is broader than the order but narrower than the genus.
d) It is the highest taxonomic rank.
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Correct Answer: b) It is composed of one or more genera.
Explanation: The taxonomic rank “family” is composed of one or more genera that share certain morphological, genetic, or evolutionary characteristics. Families represent a higher level of classification than genera and typically include groups of related organisms with similar features.
Q16. The taxonomic rank “class” is immediately below which of the following ranks?
a) Phylum
b) Order
c) Kingdom
d) Family
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Correct Answer: a) Phylum
Explanation: The taxonomic rank “class” is immediately below the rank of phylum in the hierarchical classification system. Classes group together organisms that share certain fundamental characteristics but are more specific than phyla, which encompass a broader range of organisms.
Q17. Which of the following is a characteristic used to classify humans into the order Primates?
a) Presence of a tail
b) Ability to fly
c) Binocular vision
d) Herbivorous diet
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Correct Answer: c) Binocular vision
Explanation: Binocular vision, or the ability to perceive depth and judge distances accurately using both eyes, is a characteristic used to classify humans and other primates into the order Primates. Binocular vision enhances depth perception and is associated with forward-facing eyes.
Q18. Which of the following taxonomic ranks is the most inclusive?
a) Family
b) Genus
c) Order
d) Species
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Correct Answer: c) Order
Explanation: Among the options provided, the taxonomic rank of order is the most inclusive. An order encompasses multiple families that share certain evolutionary relationships and broad morphological similarities. It is narrower than a class but broader than a family.
Q19. The taxonomic rank immediately below the genus is:
a) Order
b) Family
c) Species
d) Phylum
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Correct Answer: c) Species
Explanation: The taxonomic rank immediately below the genus is species. A species is a group of organisms that share similar characteristics and can interbreed to produce fertile offspring. It is the most specific level of classification and represents a distinct evolutionary lineage.
Q20. The taxonomic classification of humans places them in the phylum:
a) Chordata
b) Arthropoda
c) Mollusca
d) Annelida
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Correct Answer: a) Chordata
Explanation: The taxonomic classification of humans places them in the phylum Chordata. Chordates are characterized by the presence of a notochord, dorsal nerve cord, pharyngeal gill slits, and a post-anal tail (at least during embryonic development). Humans possess these features at some point in their development.