MCQs on Introduction to Geography
Q1. What is the study of Earth’s physical features, such as landforms, climate, and vegetation called?
a) Geology
b) Geography
c) Geomorphology
d) Cartography
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Correct Answer: b) Geography
Explanation: Geography is the study of Earth’s physical features, such as landforms, climate, and vegetation. It explores the physical properties of Earth’s surface, the human societies spread across it, and how human culture interacts with the natural environment.
Q2. Which of the following is not a branch of geography?
a) Physical geography
b) Human geography
c) Economic geography
d) Political science
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Correct Answer: d) Political science
Explanation: Political science is not a branch of geography because geography is divided into two main branches: physical geography and human geography. Political science is a separate discipline that focuses on the study of government, politics, and political behavior.
Q3. The term ‘geography’ is derived from the Greek words ‘geo’ and ‘graphy.’ What does ‘geo’ mean?
a) Earth
b) Study
c) Map
d) Land
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Correct Answer: a) Earth
Explanation: The term ‘geography’ is derived from the Greek words ‘geo’ and ‘graphy.’ ‘Geo’ means Earth.
Q4. Which of the following is not a type of physical geography?
a) Biogeography
b) Climatology
c) Geomorphology
d) Demography
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Correct Answer: d) Demography
Explanation: Demography is not a type of physical geography because it is the study of the spatial distribution and characteristics of human populations. Physical geography focuses on the study of Earth’s seasons, climate, atmosphere, soil, streams, landforms, and oceans.
Q5. What is the study of the distribution, variation, and relationships of living organisms in different geographical regions called?
a) Biogeography
b) Climatology
c) Geomorphology
d) Demography
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Correct Answer: a) Biogeography
Explanation: Biogeography is the study of the distribution, variation, and relationships of living organisms in different geographical regions.
Q6. Which of the following is not a factor that influences climate?
a) Latitude
b) Altitude
c) Distance from the sea
d) Population density
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Correct Answer: d) Population density
Explanation: Population density is not a factor that influences climate. Climate is influenced by factors such as latitude, altitude, and distance from the sea.
Q7. What is the term used to describe the shape and height of the land?
a) Relief
b) Drainage
c) Climate
d) Weather
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Correct Answer: a) Relief
Explanation: Relief is the term used to describe the shape and height of the land.
Q8. The condition of the Earth’s atmosphere at any particular time is called:
a) Climate
b) Weather
c) Temperature
d) Humidity
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Correct Answer: b) Weather
Explanation: Weather is the condition of the Earth’s atmosphere at any particular time.
Q9. Which of the following is not a type of human geography?
a) Population geography
b) Cultural geography
c) Political geography
d) Geomorphology
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Correct Answer: d) Geomorphology
Explanation: Geomorphology is not a type of human geography because it is a subfield of physical geography that studies Earth’s landforms, terrain, and the processes that guide these changes.
Q10. The study of the spatial distribution and characteristics of human populations is called:
a) Demography
b) Population geography
c) Cultural geography
d) Political geography
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Correct Answer: b) Population geography
Explanation: Population geography is the study of the spatial distribution and characteristics of human populations.
Q11. Which of the following is not a type of map?
a) Physical map
b) Political map
c) Thematic map
d) Geographical map
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Correct Answer: d) Geographical map
Explanation: Geographical map is not a type of map. The types of maps include physical maps, political maps, and thematic maps.
Q12. What is the term used to describe the process of breaking down rocks and minerals on the Earth’s surface?
a) Erosion
b) Weathering
c) Deposition
d) Transportation
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Correct Answer: b) Weathering
Explanation: Weathering is the process of breaking down rocks and minerals on the Earth’s surface.
Q13. Which of the following is not a type of plate boundary?
a) Divergent boundary
b) Convergent boundary
c) Transform boundary
d) Subduction boundary
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Correct Answer: d) Subduction boundary
Explanation: Subduction boundary is not a type of plate boundary. The types of plate boundaries include divergent boundaries, convergent boundaries, and transform boundaries.
Q14. The process by which water is continuously circulated between the Earth’s surface and the atmosphere is called:
a) Water cycle
b) Carbon cycle
c) Nitrogen cycle
d) Oxygen cycle
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Correct Answer: a) Water cycle
Explanation: Water cycle is the process by which water is continuously circulated between the Earth’s surface and the atmosphere.
Q15. Which of the following is not a type of natural resource?
a) Renewable resource
b) Non-renewable resource
c) Inexhaustible resource
d) Artificial resource
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Correct Answer: d) Artificial resource
Explanation: Artificial resource is not a type of natural resource. Types of natural resources include renewable resources, non-renewable resources, and inexhaustible resources.
Q16. Which of the following is not a greenhouse gas?
a) Carbon dioxide
b) Methane
c) Nitrous oxide
d) Oxygen
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Correct Answer: d) Oxygen
Explanation: Oxygen is not a greenhouse gas. Greenhouse gases include carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide.
Q17. What is the term used to describe the gradual increase in the Earth’s temperature due to the greenhouse effect?
a) Global warming
b) Climate change
c) Ozone depletion
d) El Niño
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Correct Answer: a) Global warming
Explanation: Global warming is the term used to describe the gradual increase in the Earth’s temperature due to the greenhouse effect.
Q18. Which of the following is not a cause of deforestation?
a) Agricultural expansion
b) Logging
c) Urbanization
d) Reforestation
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Correct Answer: d) Reforestation
Explanation: Reforestation is not a cause of deforestation. Causes of deforestation include agricultural expansion, logging, and urbanization.
Q19. What is the term used to describe the variety of life on Earth, including the variety of ecosystems, species, and genes?
a) Biodiversity
b) Ecosystem diversity
c) Species diversity
d) Genetic diversity
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Correct Answer: a) Biodiversity
Explanation: Biodiversity is the term used to describe the variety of life on Earth, including the variety of ecosystems, species, and genes.
Q20. Which of the following is not a type of natural disaster?
a) Earthquake
b) Volcanic eruption
c) Flood
d) Industrial accident
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Correct Answer: d) Industrial accident
Explanation: Industrial accident is not a type of natural disaster. Natural disasters include earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, and floods.