Q1. What is the capital city of Assam?
a) Guwahati
b) Dispur
c) Silchar
d) Jorhat
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Correct Answer: b) Dispur
Explanation: Dispur, a suburb of Guwahati, is the capital city of Assam. It became the capital in 1972 when it was shifted from Shillong, which is now the capital of Meghalaya. Dispur houses the Assam Secretariat and other important government offices.
Q2. Which river is known as the lifeline of Assam?
a) Barak
b) Brahmaputra
c) Kopili
d) Dhansiri
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Correct Answer: b) Brahmaputra
Explanation: The Brahmaputra River is often called the lifeline of Assam. It flows through the entire length of the state, covering nearly 450 miles (725 km). The river plays a crucial role in the state’s geography, economy, and culture, supporting agriculture, transportation, and biodiversity.
Q3. What is the state animal of Assam?
a) Tiger
b) Elephant
c) One-horned rhinoceros
d) Hoolock gibbon
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Correct Answer: c) One-horned rhinoceros
Explanation: The one-horned rhinoceros, also known as the Indian rhinoceros, is the state animal of Assam. This endangered species is primarily found in Kaziranga National Park, a UNESCO World Heritage site in Assam. The rhino symbolizes the state’s rich biodiversity and conservation efforts.
Q4. Which of the following is the state flower of Assam?
a) Orchid
b) Rhododendron
c) Lotus
d) Foxtail orchid
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Correct Answer: d) Foxtail orchid
Explanation: The Foxtail orchid (Rhynchostylis retusa), locally known as Kopou Phul, is the state flower of Assam. This beautiful orchid species is native to the region and symbolizes the state’s rich flora. Assam is home to numerous orchid species, with over 500 varieties found in the state.
Q5. When did Assam become a state of India?
a) 1947
b) 1950
c) 1956
d) 1972
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Correct Answer: b) 1950
Explanation: Assam became a state of India in 1950 after the country gained independence in 1947. Prior to this, it was a province under British rule. The state has undergone several territorial changes since then, including the creation of new states from its territory in the 1960s and 1970s.
Q6. Which UNESCO World Heritage Site in Assam is known for its tiger population?
a) Kaziranga National Park
b) Manas Wildlife Sanctuary
c) Dibru-Saikhowa National Park
d) Nameri National Park
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Correct Answer: b) Manas Wildlife Sanctuary
Explanation: Manas Wildlife Sanctuary, designated as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1992, is known for its significant tiger population. Located near the border with Bhutan, it is a critical tiger habitat and also home to various other endangered species, including the Indian rhinoceros and elephants.
Q7. What is the primary language spoken in Assam?
a) Bengali
b) Hindi
c) Assamese
d) Bodo
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Correct Answer: c) Assamese
Explanation: Assamese is the primary and official language of Assam. It is an Indo-Aryan language spoken by the majority of the state’s population. According to the 2011 Language Census, over 15 million people in Assam use Assamese as their mother tongue, making it the 12th most spoken language among India’s 22 scheduled languages.
Q8. Which famous Assamese freedom fighter is known as the “Lion of Assam”?
a) Gopinath Bordoloi
b) Bishnu Prasad Rabha
c) Kanaklata Barua
d) Kushal Konwar
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Correct Answer: a) Gopinath Bordoloi
Explanation: Gopinath Bordoloi, often referred to as the “Lion of Assam,” was a prominent freedom fighter and the first Chief Minister of Assam after India’s independence. He played a crucial role in preventing Assam’s inclusion in East Pakistan (now Bangladesh) during the partition of India and worked tirelessly for the state’s development.
Q9. What is the total area of Assam?
a) 65,234 sq km
b) 78,438 sq km
c) 83,743 sq km
d) 92,341 sq km
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Correct Answer: b) 78,438 sq km
Explanation: Assam covers an area of 78,438 square kilometers (30,285 square miles). It is the largest northeastern state in terms of population and the second largest in terms of area. The state’s diverse geography includes plains, river valleys, and hilly regions, contributing to its rich biodiversity.
Q10. Which of the following is NOT a National Park in Assam?
a) Kaziranga
b) Manas
c) Nameri
d) Sundarbans
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Correct Answer: d) Sundarbans
Explanation: Sundarbans is not a National Park in Assam. It is located in West Bengal. Assam has five National Parks: Kaziranga, Manas, Nameri, Orang, and Dibru-Saikhowa. These parks are crucial for biodiversity conservation and are home to various endangered species, including the one-horned rhinoceros and tigers.